Kaloji Narayana Rao University of Health Sciences Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of SurgeryMicrobiology Previous Year Question Papers

BCG vaccine is an example of: a) Natural active immunity b) Natural passive immunity c) Artificial passive immunity d) Artificial active immunity

Malta fever is also called as: a) Relapsing fever b) Epidemic relapsing fever c) Undulant fever d) Haemorrhagic fever

Burkitt's lymphoma is associated with a) Cytomegalovirus b) Varicella zoster virus c) Herpes simplex virus d) Epstein Barr virus

Epstein Barr is associated with the all of the following malignancies except a) Burkitt's lymphoma b) Carcinoma of cervix c) Nasopharyngeal carcinoma d) Non-Hodgkins lymphoma

Which is more antigenic in inducing immune response a) Nucleic acid b) Carbohydrate c) Protein d) Lipid

Soft chancre is caused by a) Treponema pallidum b) Neisseria gonorrhoeae c) Haemophilus ducreyi d) Chlamydia trachomatis

Which of the following samples is not useful in diagnosis of Enteric fever? a) Blood b) Stool c) Urine d) Sputum

All members of Enterobacteriaceae are: a) Catalase negative b) Oxidase positive c) Lactose fermenters d) Nitrate reducers

The most common cause of Ophthalmia neonatorum a) Neisseria gonorrhoeae b) Staphylococcus c) Chlamydia trachomatis d) E.coli

Neonatal meningitis acquired through infected birth canal is due to: a) Viridans Streptococci b) Streptococcus pyogenes c) Streptococcus agalactiae d) Streptococcus pneumonia

Which of the following hepatitis viruses is not transmitted parenterally? a) Hepatitis B virus b) Hepatitis D virus c) Hepatitis C virus d) Hepatitis E virus

Which of the following parasite causes megaloblastic anaemia? a) Ancylostoma duodenale b) Plasmodium falciparum c) Diphyllobothrium latum d) All of the above

Sporulation of bacterium occurs in which phase of bacterial growth? a) Lag phase b) Log phase c) Phase of decline d) Stationary phase

Plastic infectious waste should be segregated in which colour bag? a) Yellow b) Blue c) Red d) Black

Biological false positive reaction is: a) Positive VDRL test but negative TPHA b) Positive RPR test & TPHA c) Negative RPR test but positive TPHA d) Negative VDRL & TPHA

The most common mode of transmission of Brucella is a) Direct contact b) Air borne c) Man to man d) Ingestion of raw milk

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is a complication of a) Mumps b) Measles c) Rubella d) Rabies

Which one of the following is an enriched medium? a) Selenite F Broth b) Peptone water c) MacConkey agar d) Blood agar

Who introduced vaccination method for prevention of small pox? a) Edward Jenner b) Joseph Lister c) Robert Koch d) Louis Pasteur

The most common route of spread of bacterial meningitis is: a) Hematogenous spread b) Direct spread from infected site close to meninges c) Direct intra neural spread along the nerve d) Anatomical defect in CNS

The bivalent HPV vaccine includes the following two serotypes: a) Serotypes 31 & 33 b) Serotypes 16 & 18 c) Serotypes 45 & 52 d) Serotypes 6 & 11

Which one of the following methods of antimicrobial susceptibility testing does not detect MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration)? a) Disk Diffusion test b) Broth Dilution method c) Agar Dilution method d) Epsilometer test

Which of the following is not used as an indicator organism of faecal contamination of water a) Escherichia coli b) Salmonella typhi c) Faecal Streptococci d) Pseudomonas

Organisms producing extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) are: a) Resistant to all penicillins- 1st, 2nd & 3rd generation cephalosporins and monobactams b) Resistant to penicillins c) Resistant to cephalosporins of 1st,2nd & 3rd generation d) Resistant to cephalosporins of 4th generation

Critical and semi critical items are sterilized by a) Glutaraldehyde b) Autoclave c) Ethyl alcohol d) Ethylene oxide

Which one of the following fungi are not thermally dimorphic a) Blastomyces dermatitidis b) Paracoccidioides brasiliensis c) Histoplasma capsulatum d) Cryptococcus neoformans

Which of the following is not a mycobacterial skin lesion a) Scrofuloderma b) Fish tank granuloma c) Erysipeloid d) Buruli ulcer

Rate of infection occurring at a higher rate than usual in a particular geographical area is known as a) Epidemic b) Pandemic c) Hyper endemic d) Sporadic

Intracellular survival of Mycobacterium tubercle bacilli inside the macrophage is due to a) Inhibition of entry into host cell b) Inhibition of entry into phagosome c) Inhibition of phagosome and lysosome fusion d) Inhibition of degradation by lysosomal enzymes

Which of the following can be converted to toxoid by formaldehyde a) Exotoxin b) Endotoxin c) Endospore d) All of the above

Autoantibodies binding to basement membrane antigens of renal glomeruli and alveoli, leading to haematuria and hemoptysis is the hallmark of a) Myasthenia gravis b) Goodpasture syndrome c) Graves disease d) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Malignant pustule is caused by a) Bacillus anthracis b) Clostridium perfringens c) Bordetella pertussis d) Clostridium novyi

Cutaneous larva migrans is not seen with a) Ancylostoma brasiliensis b) Ancylostoma duodenale c) Entamoeba histolytica d) Necator americanus

Prozone phenomenon in Ag Ab reaction is due to a) Excess antibodies b) Excess antigen c) Hyperimmune serum d) Complement excess

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is also called as a) Delhi boil b) Aleppo boil c) Baghdad button d) All of the above

All waste sharps should be discarded in: a) Cardboard boxes with blue coloured markings b) Puncture proof and leak proof white containers c) Red coloured non- chlorinated container d) Yellow coloured container

Maximum consumption of antibiotics occurs in India for which of the following condition a) Human therapeutic use b) Human non therapeutic use c) Animal therapeutic use d) Animal non therapeutic use

Which of the following is not used for clinical diagnosis of COV1D-19 disease a) Real time PCR b) Truenat c) Antibody detection d) Antigen detection

Which of the following is not a potentially highly infectious specimen for occupational injury in health care settings a) Blood b) CSF c) Saliva d) Semen

Gene targets for confirmation of COV1D 19 includes a) Spike Protein b) Envelope protein c) Membrane protein d) RNA dependent RNA polymerase

Define and classify Hypersensitivity Reactions. Write in detail about type IV Hypersensitivity Reactions.

A 32-year-old male patient from a mosquito endemic area comes with history of intermittent fever (every third day), with chills and rigors. On examination patient is Febrile- temperature of 102o F. he has pallor, icterus and splenomegaly. Peripheral smear was advised by the treating physician. a. Diagnose the clinical condition. b. Elaborate on laboratory diagnosis for this patient. c. Explain the pathogenesis and complications of this disease. d. List the drugs used in the treatment.

A 55 year old male was admitted to the hospital with complaints of severe pain in the lateral aspect of his left calf and small amount of pus discharge from the ingrown hair. On physical examination the local area was found to be red, warm and tender, pus was aspirated and was subjected to Gram stain which showed Gram positive cocci in clusters. Culture on blood Agar showed golden yellow pigmented Beta Haemolytic Colonies. a. What is the clinical diagnosis and its aetiological agent? b. List the infections caused by this organism. c. List the virulence factors of this organism. d. Briefly discuss the laboratory diagnosis.

A 50 year old male complains of fever and cough, with “Rust” colored sputum. A chest x-ray shows a dense infiltration of the right upper lobe and pleural effusion. Sputum was sent for culture and sensitivity. Microscopy shows Gram positive diplococci with clear halo along with pus cells seen in Gram stain. a. What is the probable aetiological agent in the above case. b. Describe the pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of the organism. c. Write a note on Prophylaxis in Immunocompromised individuals against this organism.

Enumerate the properties and types of Antigen- Antibody Reaction. Describe in detail about the principle, types and applications of ELISA.

A 55-year-old male came to OPD with complaints of fever, vomiting, severe headache and photophobia since 2 days. On examination he had a temperature of 39o C pulse rate of 96 bpm. He has recently had ear infection. Neck stiffness was noted. Relevant sample was spent for confirmation of the diagnosis. a. Elaborate on the sample collection. b. Gram stain report of the sample revealed lens shaped gram-positive Diplococci with a halo around and plenty of the Polymorphonuclear cells. Identify the probable pathogen. c. Elaborate on laboratory tests done to confirm the pathogen. d. Add a note on Prophylaxis and treatment available for this pathogen.

A 7 year old female child presented to cardiology OPD with swollen red tender joints which migrated from one joint to another over a period of hours. The child was having abnormal gait. She also complained of painless small mobile lumps beneath the skin overlying bony prominences. On auscultation murmur was heard over the Mitral valve area. ECG showed prolongation of P-R interval. Child gives a history of sore throat 3 weeks back. a. What is the probable clinical diagnosis and its aetiological agent? b. Describe the diagnosis criteria used for this condition. c. How will you prevent recurrence of such episodes?

A 25-year-old male complains of loss of appetite since one week. He also says that he noticed yellowish discoloration of his eyes and skin. He is a lab technician and works in laboratory. On questioning he recalled that he had needle stick injury one month back. Vaccination record shows that he had taken only one dose of Hepatitis B vaccine 2 months back. a. What is the most probable diagnosis? Explain with reasons. b. What is the laboratory investigation suggested. c. Write about the Immuno-prophylaxis for the health care workers against Blood borne pathogens.

Enumerate the Arbo Viral Infections prevalent in India. Describe the pathogenesis, complications and laboratory diagnosis of Dengue.

A 38 year old male having multiple sex partners came to a clinic with pain less ulcer on penis. a. What organisms is the likely cause of this disease? b. Write about the sexually transmitted diseases causing Genital Ulcers. c. Write about lab diagnosis?

Discuss in detail the laboratory diagnosis of Viral Infections.

A farmer presented to the OPD with history of Papulo Vesicular Lesion over the neck. Which later on developed into a coal black, necrotic wound for the past 3 days, tissue from the necrotic area on Gram staining revealed Gram positive bacilli arranged in chains. a. What is the clinical diagnosis and causative agent? b. Describe the pathogenesis and various forms of clinical presentation of this infection. c. Describe the laboratory investigations to confirm the diagnosis.

Anaerobic culture methods.

Koch postulates.

Laboratory diagnosis of Leprosy.

Lab diagnosis of Mycetoma.

Amoebic Liver Abscess.

Guinea worm infection.

Bacterial Flagella.

Type III Hypersensitivity.

Yaws.

Lab diagnosis and Prophylaxis of Japanese Encephalitis.

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance.

Gonorrhoea- pathogenesis and Lab diagnosis

Polymerase chain reaction.

Describe the laboratory diagnosis of Typhoid Fever.

Laboratory diagnosis of Pertussis.

Antirabies vaccines.

Laboratory diagnosis of Diphtheria.

Transduction.

Elaborate the etiology and lab diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis.

Pathogenesis of COVID-19 disease.

Lab diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection.

Mumps.

Methods of detecting Viral Growth in Cells.

Discuss the pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis of HIV.

Aspergillosis.

Describe the Tetanus Prophylaxis.

Post exposure Prophylaxis for HIV.

Extra intestinal amoebiasis.

Describe the principle, uses, advantages and disadvantages of ELISA.

Coxsackie Viruses.

A medical intern comes to the Infection control officer with history of Needle Stick Injury 1 hour back. The source patient’s blood sample is tested for HIV, HBV and HCV. Test result shows it is reactive for HIV, negative for HBV and HCV. Medical intern was in panic. What is the role of Infection control officer in this situation.

Q Fever.

Mucormycosis.

Laboratory diagnosis of Fungal Infection.

Describe the etiology, clinical features and diagnosis of Shigellosis.

Post exposure prophylaxis against Rabies.

Write about primary Complex.

Kyasanur Forest Disease.

Lab diagnosis of Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Negribody

Disinfectants used in Hospital.

Trichomonas Vaginalis.

Etiological agents of Non Gonococcal Urethritis.

Adjuvants.

Name three Zoonotic Diseases.

Four differences between Classical and El tor Vibrios.

Name three Protozoal parasites pathogenic in Man.

Name three viruses causing Cancer.

Dimorphic Fungi.

What is the color coding for Biomedical Waste according to BMW management rules 2016.

Sheathed Microfilaria.

Blood Culture Procedure.

MMR Vaccine.

Antigenic Drift.

Germ Tube.

Congenital Syphilis.

Visceral Larva Migrans.

Name three Diarrhoea causing viruses.

What are oncogenic viruses? Name four Oncogenic Viruses.

Name three bacterial Zoonotic Diseases.

Name three Tumour associated Antigens.

DPT Vaccine.

Give three examples of Heterophile Agglutination reactions.

List three Septic Markers.

Occult Filariasis.

Name three microorganisms which are used as Bioweapons.

Classification of Arbo Viruses.

Name three Microfilaria of medical importance.

What is the principle of a Fluorescence Microscope.

Antibiotic associated Diarrhoea.

TORCH agents.

National Tuberculosis Elimination Program.

Name three diseases caused by Superantigens.

Name three agents causing Ocular Mycoses.