Forensic Medicine Previous Year Question Papers

Chalky white discoloration of teeth occurs in a) Sulfuric acid poisoning b) Organo Phosphorus poisoning c) Nitric acid poisoning d) None of the above

25-year-old university student had a fight with a neighbour. Next day he started feeling that two men in police uniform were observing his movements and would arrest him, His symptoms represent: a) Ideas of reference b) Delusion of persecution c) Passivity d) Thought insertion

Zenker's degeneration seen in all the following except a) Infectious diseases b) Electrical burns c) Coagulative necrosis d) Heat stroke

A 25 years old female died following an emergency caesarean section. There was history of placenta previa and bleeding per vagina. A medical negligence case was filed against the concerned doctor. Answer the following questions: a. What is Medical Negligence? b. Discuss whether the doctor is negligent or not in this case? c. What are the essential elements of Medical Negligence? Explain. d. What are the defenses available from the part of the doctor against Negligence?

Classify Injuries. Enumerate different types of injuries due to sharp weapons. Write in detail about the features and medicolegal importance of Chop Injuries.

A dead body of 30 years old female was brought for autopsy. On Postmortem examination, a complete ligature mark and multiple crescentic nail marks were observed over the front and sides of the neck. Answer the following questions: a. What is the probable cause of death in this case? b. Describe the external and internal postmortem features that can be appreciated in this case? c. Comment about the manner of death in this case with justification d. Add a note on hyoid bone

A woman's dead body was found in water in a pond. The body was fresh and had foamy, leathery froth at the nose and mouth. No injuries were found on the body. a. What is the diagnosis? b. What is the procedure of death investigation in these types of cases? c. What are the different autopsy findings possible to observe in these types of cases? d. What is the medico Legal importance in this case?

Write the difference between laceration and incised wound.

Obsession.

Injuries to pedestrian.

Describe the management of a case of cyanide poisoning.

DNA profiling and its importance in Forensic Medicine.

Chronic arsenic Poisoning.

Medicolegal importance of torture.

Civil Responsibility of Insane.

Contraindications for gastric lavage

Mechanical antidotes.

Subpoena.

Precipitate Labor.

War gases.

Penal erasure.

Delirium tremens.

“Le facie sympathique” can be seen in A. Smothering B. Choking C. Hanging D. Gagging

For Pathological autopsy consent is obtained from A. Treating doctor B. Next of kith and kin C. Investigating officer D. Magistrate

According to Krogman’s Index accuracy of estimating the sex of an adult with the help of Pelvis bone alone is: A. 80% B. 90% C. 95% D. 98%

Professional death sentence is a term used for A. Warning notice B. Capital punishment C. Penal erasure D. Rigorous imprisonment

Kleptomania is a type of A. Phobia B. Hallucination C. Impulse D. Illusion

During Lucid interval, the mentally ill person has A. No criminal responsibility B. Normal criminal responsibility C. Diminished criminal responsibility D. Increased criminal responsibility

Phossy jaw is seen in A. Acute poisoning of phosphorus B. Chronic poisoning of phosphorus C. Acute poisoning of mercury D. Chronic poisoning of mercury

Action of this poison resembles viper snake bite A. Abrin B. Ricin C. Crotin D. Calotoxin

Difference between Antemortem and Postmortem wounds.

Artificial insemination.

Activated charcoal.

Dying declaration

Carboluria

Hesitation cuts

Contre-coup injury

Two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Mark your answers as per the options provided:

Multiple-response type questions. Read the statements & mark the correct answers appropriately.

single-response type questions

Adipocere

Conduct money

Precipitin test

Differentiate between Post mortem staining and contusion

Hostile witness

Draw and label Longitudinal section of human hair

Lucid interval

Vitriolage

Delusion

Super Imposition Technique

Define drowning. what are the types of drowning. Describe the post mortem findings in a case of death due to drowning.

In a case of death following laparotomy, at autopsy it is noted that there was a gauze piece in the abdomen. a) Explain the principle in the above case. b) Enumerate the differences between criminal and civil medical negligences c) Describe the defence available for the doctor against medical negligence. d) Add a note on professional indemnity insurance.

A 30 years old female was brought to casualty with history of poisoning. On examination following observations are noted. There was fine froth around mouth and nostrils, smell of kerosene like substance and pupils were constricted. Answer the following: a) What is the most likely diagnosis b) What are the other conditions where fine froth is seen around mouth and nostrils c) What material objects you preserve during autopsy to diagnose poisoning.

A 26-year-old woman following an altercation with her husband regarding dowry allegedly locked herself up in a room, poured kerosene over herself and set herself on fire. Her parents allege that she was strangulated by her husband and then her body was set on fire by the in laws. Her body was found by the police. At autopsy, the body had dermo-epidermal burns all over the body. The joints of the upper limbs and lower limbs were flexed. On dissection, trachea had soot particles and mucosa was red and inflamed. a) Is this a case of ante-mortem or post-mortem burns. Justify your answer. b) Classify burns according to Wilson. c) Which feature in this case denotes ‘pugilistic attitude’. What is the mechanism. d) How do you calculate the percentage of burns. Explain with a labelled diagram.

A 45-year-old male was found hanging in his room from the ceiling fan. The ligature material used was a cotton saree and the knot was present over the right side of the neck. Tongue was protruding and dried salivary stains were present over the left angle of the mouth and over the front of chest on the left side. On examination, purplish blue discoloration was present over the lower limbs and fixed. Rigor mortis was present only in the lower limbs. On internal examination, hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage were intact. a) Is this a case of ante-mortem/ post-mortem hanging. Justify your answer. b) What post-mortem change does ‘purplish blue discoloration’ signify. Explain its mechanism. Comment on its pattern in this case. c) What do you mean by bloodless dissection of the neck. d) Calculate the time since death in this case and justify your answer. e) Write a note on hyoid bone fractures.

Define rape. What are the findings in a case of rape on a virgin. Add a note on procedure of examination and material evidence to be collected in rape victim.

Define Infamous conduct. Mention briefly a list of professional misconduct. Write a note on the punishments and disciplinary actions for the above.

An adult male had anal intercourse with a 15-year-old boy without the boy's consent. The boy complained to his parents, resulting in a police complaint. On examination by a Forensic doctor after five hours of incidence, smears of lubricant and loose foreign pubic hairs with intact hair follicles were present around the anal orifice. Perianal abrasions and perianal bruising were noted. Whitish fluid was noted in the anal orifice, which was collected and sent to Forensic Science Laboratory.

A 32-year-old man found dead laying face down in his apartment. There was a blood stained knife, half empty vine bottle with finger prints in the room. Postmortem revealed incised wounds on right palm and incised penetrating wounds to heart and spleen. Rigor mortis was fully established and retained all over the body. Postmortem staining seen on back

What is consent. What are the types of consent. Add a note on informed consent

Classify mechanical injuries. How will you estimate age of abrasion. Mention the types of abrasion and what is its medico legal importance

The dead body of a male recovered from a lake was brought for autopsy with alleged history of drowning. a) Define and mention types drowning. b) Write the probable causes of death in a case of Drowning. c) Enumerate the post mortem findings in a case of Drowning. d) Add a note on Cadaveric Spasm.

Informed consent

The charred body of a female was recovered from a house with alleged history of sustaining burns in a case of stove explosion. a) Describe the post mortem findings in the case of ante mortem burns. b) How to differentiate ante mortem & post Mortem burns. c) List the probable causes of death in a case of burns. d) Add a note on death due to lightning.

Estimation of burns on a body.

A 17-year-old was brought to the emergency in a semi-conscious state, after he had consumed an insecticide ‘MALATHION’. Blue-green stains were present on the front of his shirt. Kerosene like odour could be perceived around him. He was declared dead half an hour later, after he failed to respond to the resuscitative measures. a) What kind of compound is malathion. What are the signs and symptoms of malathion poisoning".. b) How do you manage and treat this case. c) What are the samples to be collected for chemical analysis before death and at autopsy. Mention the preservatives used. d) What is the medico legal importance

A 68-year-old man working in the paddy fields was suddenly bitten by a snake on his right ankle. The villagers tried to catch the snake, but were unsuccessful. By the time they reached the hospital, the snakebite site was oozing frank blood. Right ankle, right leg and right knee was swollen and discoloured. In the hospital, he developed haemoptysis and started bleeding from his gums. He was declared dead after sometime. a) Identify the snake and justify your answer. b) What are the investigations to be done in a case of snake bite and what is the treatment. c) Mention the different kinds of poisonous snakes commonly found in India, their toxins and symptomology.

Mechanisms of death due to burns

Casper’s dictum

The dead body of a male was brought for autopsy with history of alleged consumption of poison at an agricultural land. He was a farmer by profession and after dissection the stomach was having a smell of kerosene a) Identify the probable poison. b) Describe its mechanism of action. c) Enumerate clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of the above poison. d) Explain the post-mortem findings and its medico legal importance.

Types of fracture of skull

Describe the unnatural sexual offences. Write briefly on sexual perversions.

Fractures of the skull

Criminal responsibility of a mentally ill person.

What is Gustafson’s method of age determination. How do you calculate age using it.

Wreden’s Test

Classify mechanical injuries

Various types of courts in India

Define Hanging. Describe post-mortem findings and mechanisms of death in typical hanging

Datura poisoning sign and symptoms

Describe the procedure of recording evidence in Court. Write briefly on dying declaration.

Stomach wash tube

a) Explain different features seen in close-shot rifled firearm injury and the reason behind each feature. b) Mention six differences between entry wound and exit wound.

Define torture. Explain the different types of torture with examples.

Suspended animation

Whiplash injury

Describe in detail the characteristics of entry wound of rifled firearm injuries shot at varying ranges.

Cross examination

What are the legal duties of a doctor while treating a case of suspected poisoning. Discuss general principles of treatment of acute poisoning.

Injuries seen in pedestrians in road traffic accidents

a) Define paraphilia. b) Enumerate and describe the different kinds of paraphilias.

How do you examine and collect samples from a female victim of rape aged 16 years.

Treatment of snake bite poisoning

Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault (DFSA)

A 30 year old man was missing for the last 3 days. Police recovered his body in a decomposed state from a near by pond and was brought for autopsy a) Describe briefly the various decomposition changes that could have appeared on the body b) What are the definite external and internal findings seen in a case of drowning c) What are the different types of drowning d) Describe the laboratory investigations done in a case of drowning

A 35 year old man found hanging with a shawl tied around neck and attached to ceiling hook, kneeling on the floor. On examination an oblique incomplete ligature mark was seen on neck. There was no signs of struggle in the room a) What is your opinion as to cause of death in this case and explain the reason b) Explain the special autopsy technique adopted in this case c) Discuss the distinguishing features of homicide staged as hanging d) Describe the role of toxicology and other laboratory tests to support your final diagnosis

Functions of state medical council

Define Inquest and describe various types of inquest held in India

Mention various types of drowning. Describe the post mortem findings in a case of wet drowning.

Mc Naughton’s rule

Chronic mercury poisoning.

a) Oil of Vitriol poisoning. b) Section 326 (B) of Indian Penal Code

Burking

Magistrate inquest

A 50 year old farmer was found lying near a paddy field in a drowsy state. A bottle of poison was found near him. He was taken to General Hospital. He had two episodes of vomiting followed by effect of headache and dizziness. On examination pulse – 60/mt, BP 100/60 mmHg, pupils were pinpoint. Excessive salivation and sweating present. He had passed urine and his cloth was wet. There was kerosene like smell in his breath. He was expired by 48 hours after admission a) What is the probable cause of death in this case. b) Signs and symptoms of typical poisoning in this case. c) Describe the mechanism of action of this poison. d) What all samples will be collected from the body during postmortem examination and mention the preservatives used. e) Briefly describe the treatment for this poisoning

A pedestrian hit by a car brought for autopsy. On examination there was (i) fracture of right tibia and (ii) contusions of scalp with fracture of occipital base and brain contusion a) Explain the different types of injuries expected in this type of traffic accidents b) List four cause/mechanisms of death after sustaining these injuries c) Reconstruct the incident occurred with the help of the postmortem findings d) Legally classify these two injuries based on their fatality and explain

Mention the clinical features and treatment of Cerbera Odallam poisoning

Section 320 IPC

Civil responsibility of an insane person

Mention the various factors that help in estimating the time since death. Describe Rigor mortis in brief.

Bestiality

Define Infanticide. Describe the various methods usually adopted for carrying out infanticide. Add a note on Hydrostatic test.

Buggery

What is Locard’s Principle of Exchange. Describe the different tests to detect blood stains.

Define live birth and still birth. What are the different signs of live birth seen during foetal autopsy.

Caput succedaneum

Ring fracture

Differentiate criminal negligence from civil negligence. Add a note on vicarious liability.

Discuss the causes of sudden death following strenuous exercise and explain factors that may increase the risk of such events

Classify mechanical injuries. Describe the various causes of death from wounds

Define Identity. How will you establish sex of an individual in a dead.

Still born baby

Mention four differences between civil negligence and criminal negligence.

What is consent. Briefly explain the different kinds of consent.

Fetishism

Warning Notice

Narcoanalysis

DNA finger printing

Estimation of age of injuries

Viability

Blood groups and medico legal Importance

Feigned insanity

Write a short note on superimposition with respect to identification.

Write four differences between animal hair and human hair.

Priviliged communication

Types of anoxia

Define Delusion. Mention its types with examples. Write its medicolegal importance.

A child accidently consumed a mango like fruit was brought to casualty with abdominal pain and vomiting; ECG showed variation. List two toxic constituents in the fruit, its fatal dose and describe the management

Aims of foetal autopsy

Organ transplantation Act

Blood grouping in disputed paternity

What is contributory negligence. Explain with examples

Temporary dentition

What are the differences between contusions and livor mortis.

Briefly explain the different kinds of intra-cranial haemorrhages.

Ideal suicidal poison

Aphrodisiac Agents.

Primary impact injuries to a pedestrian hit by a vehicle.

List the samples to be collected for chemical analysis during postmortem examination. Describe how these samples are collected, preserved and sent for chemical analysis maintaining the chain of custody

Macerated fetus

Traumatic Asphyxia

Describe the functions of National Medical Commission (Erst while Indian Medical Council).

Entry wound in a fire arm injury.

Define illusion. Enumerate the different kinds of illusions.

Define delusion. Enumerate the different types of delusions.

Charas

Souvenir bullets

Describe the findings in a 16-year-old victim of rape who was a virgin. Enumerate the evidentiary materials to be collected.

Define Dying declaration. Explain its procedure, role of doctor and its medico legal significance

Toxalbumin

Cardiac poisons

Infamous conduct

Differentiate between Perjury and hostile witness

What is body packer syndrome and body stuffers syndrome. Mention any two signs seen on radiological examination of such cases.

What are the different samples to be collected in a suspected case of poisoning. How will you preserve the samples.

Differentiate between Entry and exit wound of firearm bullet.

Differentiate between Flame Burns and scalds

Describe and classify dactylography. Outline the medico-legal applications.

Explain sexual paraphilia in forensic medicine. Discuss its different types and relevant investigations in sexual assault cases

Differentiate between Entry and Exit wound in a rifled firearm injury

Differentiate between Poisonous and nonpoisonous snakes

A legal inquiry into the cause of death is called __________.

The document which demands the attendance of a witness in the court of Law Is called

Differentiate between Wet drowning and dry drowning

Write briefly on the maceration of the fetus and its medicolegal importance.

Describe pathophysiology and findings in ‘Hide and Die’ syndrome. State its medico legal significance

Differentiate between Heat haematoma and Extradural haematoma

Differentiate between Executive magistrate and judicial magistrate

Draw and label Diatoms

Define medical etiquette.

How many schedules does the Indian Medical Council Act maintain in order to recognise medical qualifications

Draw and label Longitudinal section of shot gun cartridge

Draw and label Gustafson’s method of age estimation from tooth

What is privileged Communication. Mention the circumstances concerned with this in medical practice.

Draw and label differences in the head of viper and cobra

Draw and label Shot gun cartridge

Kleptomania

Draw and label Anal findings of sodomy in passive agent

Toxalbumen

Draw and label Spermatozoa

‘Arch, whorl, composite and loop’ are types of lip prints. True/False.

Which method uses the cross striations in the enamel of the teeth to calculate age of an individual

Draw and label Types of Hymen

Draw and label Types of external injury in stab wounds

Write briefly on the duties of a doctor towards the state.

Define consent. Briefly explain the rules of informed consent

Draw and label Primary skin incisions used in a medicolegal autopsy

Draw and label Human spermatozoa

What is Contact Pallor.

Write the formula used to calculate time since death using the rate of fall of temperature of a body,

Explain Locard's Exchange Principle in forensic practice. Discuss its significance in criminal investigations and how it aids in linking suspects, victims and crime scenes

Spalding's sign.

What is the mixture of injuries seen in a bomb blast consisting of abrasions, contusions and punctate lacerations called.

Stab wounds which pierce on one side and come out of the other side (through-and- through) are called __________

Describe the procedure of recording evidence in a court of law.

Discuss the differences between sea water drowning and salt water drowning

Smothering

Which section deals with Vitriolage.

What does Section 44 of the Indian Penal code deal with

Draw and label the longitudinal section of a shotgun catridge.

Choking of firearm

Poroscopy

Inability to stay off alcohol is called _____________.

Erotomania is the delusion of _________

When does the ossification centre for lower end of femur appear.

What do you call the remnants of hymen that remain after childbirth

Surrogate mother

Give one sign of a live birth during foetal autopsy.

Give one pathognomonic sign of ante-mortem hanging

Euthanasia

What is another name for ‘depressed’ fracture.

A 65-year old man working in a glass blowing industry presented to the emergency with coarse tremors of the hand. What kind of poisoning would you suspect

Section 32 Indian evidence Act deals with A. Dying deposition B. Dying declaration C. Consent D. Summons

If a patient requests for his medical record, the same should be issued to the patient within……… as per Code of Medical ethics 2002 A. 12 hours B. 24 hours C. 48 hours D. 72 hours

Which is NOT TRUE about dying deposition: A. Recorded only by the magistrate B. Oath is taken C. Not practiced in India D. Cross-examination is not permitted

Gastric lavage is contraindicated in all of the poisoning cases, EXCEPT A. Sulphuric acid B. Strychnine C. Carbolic acid D. Kerosene oil

Following statements regarding dying declaration are true, EXCEPT: A. It should be in dying person’s own words. B. While recording it, Oath has to be administered. C. It is not valid in the court, if the dying person survives. D. Before recording, doctor must certify that victim is in compos mentis

Which section of Registration of Births and Deaths Act compels the doctors to certify cause of death in a prescribed format? A. Section 10(2) B. Section 10(3) C. Section 23(2) D. Section 23(3)

All are true about dying deposition, EXCEPT A. Oath is administered B. Allowed in India C. Recorded by the magistrate D. Accused is present while recording

The medical records as per the Surrogacy Act are to be stored for minimum period of: A. 5 years B. 10 years C. 20 years D. 25 years

Medical records of indoor patients should be maintained from the date of commencement of treatment for a period of ………… as per Code of Medical ethics 2002 A. 1 year B. 2 years C. 3 years D. 4 years

Dying deposition is not admissible in an Indian court of law as there is no provision for it in the A. Criminal Procedure Code B. Indian Penal Code C. Indian Evidence Act D. Civil Procedure Code

In medical certification of cause of death, which is NOT the cause of death A. Cardiorespiratory arrest B. Lobar Pneumonia C. Hypertensive cardiomyopathy D. Diabetic ketoacidosis.

The dying declaration is described under: A. Section 32 IEA B. Section 34 IEA C. Section 60 IEA D. Section 45 IEA

In Institutional deaths, the medical certification of cause of death needs to be certified using which of the following forms? A. Form No. 3 B. Form No. 3(A) C. Form No. 4 D. Form No. 4(A)

As per the Code of medical ethics 2002, the minimum duration of maintaining indoor medical records of patients by a physician is: A. 2 years B. 3 years C. 5 years D. 10 years

Following is NOT a feature of somatic death: A. Cessation of heart B. Cessation of respiration C. No response to external stimuli D. Non response of muscle to electric stimuli

As per Registration of Births and Deaths Act 1969, Institutional deaths need to be certified using A. Form 4 B. Form 4A C. Form 8 D. Form 8A

Brush burn is due to A. Firearm injury B. Friction injury C. Electrical injury D. Chemical injury

Suspended animation can occur in all of the following, EXCEPT: A. Yogic practitioner B. Hanging C. Electrocution D. Drowning

If you make a mistake in a medico-legal record of a patient how should it be corrected? A. With correction fluid B. Scribble it out C. Put a single line through the record D. You cannot correct it at all

The term ‘Burking’ refers to combination of: A. Smothering and choking B. Smothering and gagging C. Smothering and throttling D. Smothering and traumatic asphyxia

Which of the following incisions is commonly used in performing medicolegal autopsy? A. I-shaped B. Y-shaped C. Modified Y-shaped D. X – shaped

Which of the following is NOT true regarding muscular changes after death: A. Cadaveric spasm involves voluntary muscles B. Cadaveric spasm involves involuntary muscles C. Rigor Mortis involves voluntary muscles D. Rigor Mortis involves involuntary muscles

During autopsy search for air embolism is to be done in A. Meningeal vessels B. Jugular vein C. Carotid artery D. Right ventricle of heart

The following are features of Antemortem burns, EXCEPT A. Blisters with gas B. Erythema of skin C. Soot particles in trachea D. Blood carboxy haemoglobin level 10%

The most common finding seen in the shaken baby syndrome A. Extradural hematoma B. Subdural hematoma C. Subarachnoid hemorrhage D. Intraventricular hemorrhage

A man fell from 35 feet height. Eyewitnesses say that he fell on his feet. Which of the following injury will be commonly seen in this case: A. Ring fracture B. Pond fracture C. Gutter fracture D. Elevated fracture

In Breslau’s second life test, the organ studied is: A. Heart B. Lung C. Stomach D. Spleen

The characteristic antemortem sign of drowning includes: A. Cutis anserina B. Washerwoman’s hand C. White copious froth at nostrils D. Water in the stomach

The common cause for female impotency is A. Gonadal dysgenesis B. Cervical incompetence C. Vaginismus D. Endometriosis

Arborescent marks are seen in A. Electrocution B. Lightning C. Chemical burn D. Firearm injury

One of the following is not an indication for Artificial Insemination A. Sterile husband B. Rh incompatibility C. Genetic defects in husband D. Vaginismus

The fertilization of two ova released in two different menstrual cycles is known as: A. Superfoetation B. Superfecundation C. Fetus papyraceus D. Fecundation ab extra

In a firearm injury, cruciate shaped wound with burning, blackening with cherry red coloration of the surrounding tissues is seen in: A. Contact shot entry B. Close shot entry C. Inter mediate shot entry D. Distant shot entry

Which one of the following features is NOT seen in vaginismus? A. Spasm of levator ani B. Spasmodic contraction of adductor muscles of thigh C. Spasmodic contraction of erector spinae D. Spasmodic contraction of quadriceps femoris

Tattooing around an entry wound of a firearm is due to: A. Carbon particles B. Burnt gun powder C. Unburnt gun powder D. Fragmented pellets

Wet Submarino is: A. Forcefully immersing the head in water B. Immersion of whole body in water C. Pouring of boiling water on head D. Tying on ice slab

When a person falls from a height and lands on his feet, the following type of skull fracture is seen A. Gutter fracture B. Elevated fracture C. Pond Fracture D. Ring Fracture

‘Falanga’ is an example for A. Physical torture B. Chemical torture C. Psychological torture D. Sexual torture

Passive Euthanasia means ending life by A. Injecting high dose of barbiturates B. Withdrawing life supportive measures C. Allowing to inhale anaesthetic gases D. Causing electrocution

As per the Indian Motor vehicle Act, the minimum blood alcohol limit to book drunken driving offence: A. 20 mg% B. 30 mg% C. 40 mg% D. 50 mg%

Which of the following is NOT an ingredient of medical negligence? A. Duty owed to the patient B. Dereliction of duty C. Damage to the patient D. Error of judgment in diagnosis

The term ‘Signature fracture’ refers to: A. Fissured fracture B. Depressed fracture C. Ring fracture D. Diastatic fracture

FALSE statement regarding Red Cross emblem: A. Can be used by Army medical services B. Punishable to use it without permission C. Used by members of Red Cross D. Can be used by doctors and ambulances

Quickening is a A. Probable sign of pregnancy B. Presumptive sign of pregnancy C. Positive sign of pregnancy D. Surest sign of pregnancy

Registered medical practitioner protecting/assisting unqualified person in medical practice is known as A. Dichotomy B. Vicarious liability C. Covering D. Touting

Which of the following can be used for causing artificial bruise? A. Ricinus communis B. Semecarpus anacardium C. Abrus precatorius D. Croton tigilum

All are features of a postmortem blood clot, EXCEPT A. Adherence to the vessel wall B. Yellow chicken fat appearance C. Red currant jelly appearance D. Friable

The IPC section that deals with the criminal responsibility of a person of unsound mind is: A. Section 82 B. Section 84 C. Section 87 D. Section 90

The minimum age for giving consent to do medical examination is: A. 10 years B. 12 years C. 16 years D. 18 years

Fear of closed spaces is known as A. Agoraphobia B. Acrophobia C. Claustrophobia D. Hemophobia

A physician can be prosecuted for criminal negligence under section A. 304 IPC B. 304A IPC C. 304B IPC D. 302 IPC

Benzidine test for blood is a A. Screening test B. Specific test C. Confirmatory test D. Negative test

Polyvalent antisnake venom available in India is effective against all these snakes, EXCEPT A. Common Cobra B. King Cobra C. Common Krait D. Russel’s Viper

Which of the following is the confirmative test for blood? A. Benzidine test B. Spectroscopic Test C. Luminal test D. Phenophthalein test

The mutual transfer of material evidence between two objects on coming into contact is known as: A. Jefferey’s principle of exchange B. Locard’s principle of exchange C. Henry’s principle of exchange D. Puppe’s principle of exchange

All the following tests are used to determine the criminal responsibility of an insane person, EXCEPT: A. McNaughton rule B. Durham rule C. Curren’s rule D. Morrison’s rule

ABO antigens are NOT found in: A. CSF B. Sweat C. Saliva D. Semen

Takayama reagent is used in A. Hemochromogen crystal test B. Haemin crystal test C. Kastle-Meyer test D. Benzidine test

Mutilomania is a type of A. Delusion B. Impulse C. Illusion D. Obsession

A false belief in something even after its falsity has been proved beyond doubt is: A. Illusion B. Delusion C. Hallucination D. Delirium tremens

A doctor injects penicillin after giving a test dose. But the patient dies of anaphylactic shock. The doctor can defend on the grounds of : A. Therapeutic misadventure B. Res judicata C. Novus actus interveniens D. Vicarious liability

All of the following are chelating agents, EXCEPT: A. BAL B. EDTA C. Potassium permanganate D. Desferroxamine

Which of the following sample is NOT useful for DNA fingerprinting? A. WBC B. RBC C. Spermatozoa D. Saliva

All are Contraindications for stomach wash in a case of poisoning EXCEPT A. Convulsant Poisons B. Corrosive Poisons C. Volatile Poisons D. Organophosphorous Poisons

Criminal responsibility of a person of unsound mind is incorporated in the IPC A. Sec. 83 B. Sec. 84 C. Sec. 85 D. Sec. 86

The following is component of ‘Knock out drop’ or ‘Micky Finn’ A. Ethylene glycol B. Chloroform C. Chloral hydrate D. Methyl alcohol

All the following are used for the detection of blood stains EXCEPT A. Benzidine test B. Haemin crystal test C. Acid phosphatase test D. Leucomalachite green test

Criminal responsibility of a mentally ill person is described under : A. Sec 82 IPC B. Sec 84 IPC C. Sec 87 IPC D. Sec 89 IPC

Monks hood’ is the common name for: A. Digitalis B. Oleander C. Colchicum D. Aconite

Which one of the following is an antidote for methanol poisoning? A. Ethylene glycol B. Formaldehyde C. Ethyl alcohol D. Glutarldehyde

Punctate basophilia changes are seen in A. Neutrophils B. Erythrocytes C. Platelets D. Eosinophils

All the following are the muscarinic features of organophosphorus insecticide poisoning, EXCEPT A. Sweating B. Miosis C. Respiratory depression D. Tachycardia

Differentiate between dying declaration and dying deposition

Define Contributory negligence. Give examples

Complications of criminal abortion

Run Amok.

Define dying declaration. Describe the role of doctor in recording dying declaration.

Difference between arsenic poisoning and cholera.

Enumerate the complications of criminal abortion.

Joule burn

Cadaveric spasm.

Enumerate the functions of State medical council.

Battered baby syndrome

Positive signs of pregnancy

Atavism.

Rule of Hasse.

Differentiate between true and feigned insanity.

Doctrine of Res ipsa loquitur

Exhumation.

Grievous hurt

Lochia.

Define dying declaration. Describe the procedure of recording dying declaration.

Enumerate the duties of a doctor in maintaining and preserving medical records as per Code of Medical ethics 2002.

Enumerate the uses / objectives of MCCD Certificate issued by doctors

Enumerate the features of ‘Dead born foetus’.

Describe Cadaveric spasm and its medico-legal importance

Describe the three types of skin incisions to open the dead body at postmortem examination

Define adipocere. Discuss its medicolegal importance.

Define dead born, still born and live born foetus.

Describe the skin incisions in medicolegal autopsy with neat labeled diagram

Define Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Describe its postmortem findings.

Mention the composition of smokeless gun powder.

Enumerate three early changes and three late changes after death

Mention the causes of death in a case of Burns

Perjury

Describe the characteristic features and medicolegal importance of fabricated wound.

List six situations where oral evidence is exempted in a court of law

Define pseudocyesis, superfoetation and superfecundation.

Enumerate the causes of impotency in a male.

Railway spine.

Enumerate the differences between flame burns and scalds

Hydrostatic Test.

Precipitate labour.

Describe the signs and medico-legal aspects of precipitate labour.

Describe Judicial hanging and its mechanism of death

Differentiate between bruise and postmortem hypostasis

Ideal homicidal poison.

Explain any three Grievous hurts as per Section 320 IPC.

List the conditions favorable for adipocere. What are its features and medico legal importance?

Define euthanasia. Describe the types of euthanasia.

Enumerate recent signs of delivery in a woman at autopsy.

Designer drugs.

Superfecundation.

Define viability of foetus. Mention the ossification centers and their age of appearance in foetus to know viability

Enumerate the methods used for physical torture.

Lesbianism.

Enumerate the evidentiary materials to be collected during medical examination of victim of penetrative sexual assault.

Define Paraphilias. Give any four examples

Mention six parameters used for determining age in Gustafson’s method

Negative Autopsy

Torture.

Discuss on coup and contre-coup injury to head.

Cleavage lines of Langer

Enumerate the primary principles of bioethics.

Mention the dyes used to produce tattoo and different techniques used for erasure of tattoo.

Sec. 92 IPC

Tribadism.

Explain the medicolegal aspects of abrasions

Enlist the presumptive and positive signs of pregnancy.

Explain privileged communication with examples

Choking in context of Firearm.

Explain any three acts of a doctor that amounts to infamous conduct.

Choking of barrel of firearm and its advantages

What is meant by ‘Res Ipsa Loquitor’? Give two examples.

Chain of custody.

Quoad hanc

Describe the types of consent used in medical practice

Sex chromatin.

Name any six acts of a doctor that amount to Infamous conduct.

Describe Res ipsa loquitur with examples

Somnolentia.

Mention any three primary principles of bioethics.

Define delusion, hallucination and illusion.

Define consent. Enumerate types of consent in medical practice

Hatter’s shakes.

Describe Res Ipsa Loquitor with an example

Truth serum drugs.

Mention the functions of National Medical Commission.

Describe the role of Institutional Ethics Committee in regulating clinical research.

Define Consent. Mention the types of Consent in medical practice

Define infamous conduct. Give any four examples

Draw and label neatly shotgun cartridge.

Define consent. Describe the different types of consent.

Bumper fracture

Name any three types of antidotes with an example for each.

Define Professional misconduct. Give two examples.

Botulism.

Hippus.

Define Bioethics. State the primary principles of bioethics.

Mention any three types of impulsive disorders and its medico-legal importance

Define delusion and mention its medico-legal importance

Mummification

Symptoms and signs of cocaine toxicity.

Describe any three impulsive disorders with examples.

Immersion syndrome

Define Vitriolage and describe its medicolegal importance.

Define hallucination. Describe the types.

Vitirolage and punishment.

Define Lucid interval related to mental illness and mention its medicolegal importance

Corpus delicti.

Define Delusion. Mention the various types of delusions.

Define Vitriolage and describe its medico-legal aspects.

Describe Vitriolage and its medico-legal aspects

Mention three poisons which cause mydriasis

Coup and countercoup injuries.

Enumerate the types of snake venom. Name any one snake under each type.

What is Lochia? List the various types, add a note on importance of examination of Lochia

Describe the Body packer’s syndrome and its medicolegal importance.

Define chelating agents. Give examples of their usage in poisonings.

Pseudocyesis.

Expert witness.

List the clinical features of chronic lead poisoning

Mention the various types of antidotes with examples.

Punch drunk syndrome.

Cephalohaematoma

Sec. 320 IPC

Gettler test.

Collection of viscera is poisoning cases.

Lathyrism

Puppe’s rule.

Widmarks’ formula

Signs of putrefaction.

Privileged communication.

Describe Negative Autopsy with examples

Antidotes.

Symptoms, signs, postmortem, appearance and treatment of Cyanide poisoning.

Dactylography

The transplantation of Human organ Act 1994

Livor mortis.

Unnatural Sexual Offences.

Chelating agents

Criminal responsibility of insane.

Cause of death in Burns.

Describe the principle, technique and medico-legal importance of Diatom test.

Discuss cafe coronary syndrome and its medico-legal importance

Describe the procedure of conducting the hydrostatic test in a postmortem examination of an alleged live-born child. What are its fallacies?

Artefacts

Discuss about surrogate Motherhood and its legal implications.

Define exhumation. Enumerate the objectives of exhumation. Describe the procedure of exhumation.

Superimposition: Technique, points of comparison and test value

Define hanging. Enumerate the types of hanging. Describe the various causes of death in hanging.

A body was removed from the grave in front of Magistrate as the relatives alleged suspicion of foul play in causation of death. After Magistrate inquest autopsy was performed. a. Mention the name given to above mentioned legal procedure b. Under which section of CrPC the above legal procedure will be performed? c. Describe the role of doctor in conducting above legal procedure.

Classification of Poisons.

Describe the clinical features, post mortem findings and medicolegal aspects of starvation

Definition of Rape.

An 18 year old male was found hanging by a leather belt attached to a grill of the window at his room. A mirror was found placed in front of the door reflecting him in full height. He was dressed in women’s clothing and the pornographic magazines were spread over the floor. a. What is the name given for above clinical condition? b. Describe the post-mortem findings and medico-legal aspects of such condition.

Tattoo marks.

Describe Forensic Entomology and its medico-legal importance.

Describe the mechanism of appearance of rigor mortis and its medico-legal importance

Difference between suicidal and homicidal cut throat injuries

A 25-year-old female was found dead with burn injuries on the body. During postmortem examination, the flame burns present over the head, face, right and left upper limbs, front of trunk, front of right and left lower limbs. Margins of burnt area show Erythematous changes. Blisters present over the body at places. Soot particles present in the trachea and bronchioles. a. Calculate the total percentage of burns in this case. Give reasons. b. Opine the cause of death in this case with reasons. c. Are the burn injuries in this case antemortem postmortem in nature? Justify your answer.

What is suspended animation? List various conditions that can produce suspended animation. Add a note on its medico legal significance

Classify thermal injuries. Describe the method of calculation of percentage of burn injuries.

Describe hyoid bone fractures and its medicolegal importance.

Hallucination.

Enumerate the early changes after death. Add a note on Adipocere.

Indication for Artificial Insemination.

Describe the postmortem findings, causes of death and medico-legal aspects in deaths due to Electrocution.

Positive signs of live birth.

Describe Grievous Hurt as per Section 320 IPC.

Explain the post-mortem findings in a case of Burns

Differentiate between hanging and ligature strangulation

Criminal professional negligence

Medical Negligence.

Define Dactylography. Describe the types and medicolegal importance of Dactylography.

Age of contusion: Colour changes and pigments responsible for changes

Explain the method of age estimation using Gustafson’s technique.

Discuss the role of doctor in identifying different types of torture.

Consumer Protection Act – COPRA act with recent amendments.

Enumerate the differences between hanging and ligature strangulation

Impulse.

Describe the types and medico-legal aspects of abrasions.

Artefacts in death due to burns.

A 10 months old female baby was brought to emergency department by her mother suffering from postpartum depressive psychosis. On examination of the baby, multiple abrasions and bruises of different ages present all over the body. CT findings showed subdural hemorrhage without any skull fracture. a) What is the probable diagnosis? b) Describe the radiological and autopsy findings in such cases. c) Explain the legal liability of the mother in this case.

Explain the differences between entry wound and exit wound due to rifled firearm

Give examples for Patterned injuries. Describe any two with its medico-legal importances

Enumerate the steps in giving evidence at court.

Define battered baby syndrome. Describe the clinical findings in battered baby syndrome.

Differences between an entry wound from exit wound produced by a rifled firearm

A 14-year-old girl was brought to hospital by her mother with alleged history of forceful vaginal intercourse by her neighbor. She was examined by the doctor and found stains over the external and internal genitalia; injuries at genital region. Bite marks present over right chest region. After detailed examination, the doctor collected evidentiary materials for forensic analysis. a. Whose consent should be taken for medicolegal examination in this case? Give reasons. b. Describe the genital findings expected in this case. c. Enlist the evidentiary materials to be preserved for forensic analysis in this case.

Define abrasion. Describe its types with medicolegal importance.

Signs and symptoms of Corrosive poisons, complications and treatment.

Datura Poisoning.

A 35-year-old female was brought to surgery department with history of firearm injury caused by her husband. On examination the doctor notices multiple small entry wounds over outer aspect of left shoulder. She was operated and multiple small circular to oval shaped metallic pellets were removed. a. Identify the type of firearm weapon involved in this case b. Describe the entry wound from such a firearm weapon at different ranges

Describe the procedure of examination and collection of evidentiary materials from a victim of sodomy.

Describe the types, method of collection and medico-legal importance of Dactylography.

Describe Dactylography and its medico-legal importance

A child was produced at the department of Forensic Medicine by the police with an alleged history of sodomy. a) How do you proceed with the examination in this case? b) What are the evidences to be collected?

Intersex.

Describe the entry wound from a rifled firearm at various ranges.

Causes, source of bleeding and clinical features of extra dural hemorrhage

Define Infamous conduct. Give examples for infamous conduct. Describe the punishments for infamous conduct.

Define Rape as per section 375 IPC.

Death certificate.

Gustafson’s technique.

Define sodomy. Describe the medical examination and evidentiary materials to be collected in a victim of sodomy

Describe the dyes used, methods of erasure and medico-legal importance of a tattoo mark.

Describe the procedure of filing of complaint as per the Consumer Protection Act- 2019 in view of medical services. Mention the different types of forums / commissions and their functions.

Describe Professional Secrecy with examples

Discuss on Vicarious liability with examples

Responsibilities of mentally ill person

Types of delusions.

Define euthanasia. Describe various types of euthanasia. Discuss the legal status of euthanasia in India.

With the help of diagram explain Wallace rule of nine

Describe mechanism of action and clinical features of Organo-phosphorous poisoning.

Describe Vicarious liability with examples

Cheiloscopy and Poroscopy.

Difference between Antemortem and Postmortem Burns.

Describe professional misconduct with examples

Describe various types and medico-legal aspects related to Euthanasia.

Define Antidote. Describe various types of antidotes with examples.

Define Antidotes. Describe the types of Antidotes with examples

A boy was brought to the casualty with chronic exposure to lead, how will you confirm (clinically and by laboratory investigations) that he is suffering from Plumbism?

Describe the post-mortem findings in death due to drowning.

Stages of alcohol intoxication in detail.

Discuss the clinical and laboratory findings in Plumbism.

What is traumatic asphyxia? Mention its causes, internal and external postmortem findings

Describe the clinical findings in chronic lead poisoning.

Name four household poisons. Describe the various viscera to be preserved in such cases.

Classification of burns.

Describe the treatment methods for elimination of absorbed poison

Postmortem findings in Ligature strangulation.

Describe the mechanism of action, clinical features and management of cobra bite.

Describe the medical and legal responsibilities of a doctor in case of poisoning.

A 40-year-old male, goldsmith by profession brought to the hospital for autopsy. During Postmortem examination the female resident smelt bitter almonds and the postmortem staining was brick red in colour, on dissection stomach mucosa was hemorrhagic. Mention the most probable cause of death. Describe the mechanism of action of such poisoning. Describe the specific treatment in such acute poisonings.

Doctor received a requisition from the police to conduct an autopsy. The history furnished by the police was that the lady was found in a small garage with no ventilation, with a vehicle with the ignition on in the same garage and the shutter of the garage was shut. At autopsy Postmortem staining was cherry red in colour a) Mention the most probable cause of death b) Describe its mechanism of action and treatment in such poisonings

Drug dependence

The prenatal diagnostic techniques (PNDT) Act, 1994 and recent amendments.

Describe the mechanism of action and clinical features of carbon monoxide poisoning.

Differentiate between venomous and non-venomous snake.

Describe the clinical features, treatment and medicolegal importance of chronic Arsenic poisoning.

The protection of children from sexual offenses Act, 2012 (POCSO Act) with recent amendments.

Enumerate the various types of Hymen and add a note on false virgin.

Describe the clinical features and treatment of Organophosphorus poisoning

Difference between Rigor mortis and cadaveric spasm.

Describe the mechanism of action, clinical features and treatment in acute cyanide poisoning.

Virginity

Tests for live birth.

Chemical tests for seminal stains

Therapeutic misadventure.

Cardiovascular causes in sudden natural death.

Various techniques of removing organs during postmortem examination.

Clinical features of chronic arsenic poisoning

Forensic odontology and Medico legal importance.

Classify mechanical asphyxial deaths. Enumerate the types of Hanging. Differentiate the postmortem findings between hanging and strangulation.

Describe the mechanism of action, clinical features, treatment and medico-legal importance in a case of Carbon monoxide poisoning

Two final MBBS students who were riding a bike after the party met with an accident on the road, the rider fell on the road with his head striking the divider on the road, sustaining abrasions on the left upper and lower limbs. The rider was unconscious for a few seconds and then recovered. Then he was taken to a nursing home by the pillion rider. The rider complained of pain in the left temporoparietal area. The doctor examined him and admitted him in the hospital. The CT scan showed opacity at the left temporoparietal area. The next day the boy became unconscious and died within an hour. a) What could be the most probable injury that led to the rider’s death in this case? b) Describe the mechanism and post-mortem features of the injury that led to the death of the rider c) Explain the various types of skull fractures with relevant diagrams

Classify fire arms and describe the wounds caused by shot gun missile at different ranges of firing.

Enumerate the Post-mortem signs to determine time since death. Describe early signs of death.

Define hanging. Enumerate the types of hanging. Describe the postmortem findings in a typical hanging. Explain the various causes of death in hanging.

What is feigned insanity? How feigned insanity is differentiated from true insanity? What is the criminal responsibility of a person with mental illness? Explain with legal basis

Body of a female aged about 36 years was found on the bed in her house. The body was brought by the police with requisition for conducting autopsy. External examination revealed a moderately built and nourished adult female. Muscles of upper and lower limbs are stiff. Postmortem lividity is present over the back of trunk and fixed. The body showed greenish discoloration over the right iliac fossa. A knife was firmly gripped in the right hand. An incised wound measuring 8 x 0.5 cm present over front of upper neck. a. Calculate the time since death in this case. Give reasons. b. Name the postmortem change related to muscle stiffness in this case. Describe the mechanism of this condition. c. Name the condition causing the firm gripping of knife in hand. Describe the mechanism of this condition. d. Enumerate the early changes seen after death.

Define viability of a fetus. Describe the signs of live birth in a fetus brought for autopsy. Describe the methods used for infanticide.

Write the definition and types of artificial insemination? Discuss the indications, biological and legal aspects of artificial insemination and its status in India.

Define Head Injury. Describe the mechanism of Brain Injury. Add a note on Extradural Haemorrhage.

A farmer working in coffee plantation came to emergency medicine department with history of snake bite. The accompanying person brought a dead snake said to be bitten the farmer. Doctor who examined the snake, noticed triangular head, three rows of diamond shaped brown spots along the back and an abruptly ending tail. a. Identify the snake with scientific name b. Mention other three common poisonous snakes in India c. Describe the clinical features and treatment in this case d. Describe the post mortem findings in this case

Define infamous conduct. What are the precautions against the medical negligence?

Classify postmortem changes. Describe the various factors which help in determination of time since death.

Enumerate various Asphyxial deaths. What are the postmortem findings in a case of Hanging? Add a note on hyoid bone fracture.

A male farmer, aged 30 years was brought to emergency department in a comatose state with pin point pupils, marked miosis, bradycardia and fasciculation without fever. During the course of the treatment his condition deteriorated and he died. During autopsy the stomach mucosa was congested and hemorrhagic with kerosene like smell. a. What is the probable diagnosis? b. Describe the mechanism of action of such poisonous compounds. c. Enumerate the signs and symptoms of such type of poisoning. d. Outline the management of such type of poisoning.

A patient was brought to the casualty with an alleged history of assault. On examination multiple incised wounds measuring over an area of 6 cms X 3 cms and are skin deep present over forearm. Another incised wound measuring 5 cms X 0.5 cms X skin deep present over left side of the neck. a) Are these injuries consistent with the alleged history of Assault? Give reasons b) Are these injuries Simple or Grievous? c) Describe Grievous hurt with relevant legal provisions d) Differentiate laceration from an incised wound

Describe the mechanism of action, clinical features, treatment and post mortem findings in a case of organophosphorus compound poisoning

Classify poisons and write briefly about barbiturate poisoning.

Define Rape with recent amendments and punishments.

A 35-year-old male was brought to a casualty with a history of consumption of unknown poison. Patient was in semiconscious state with vomitus material on the shirt with kerosene like odour. He had difficulty in breathing with excessive salivation and profuse sweating. On examination, it was observed that pupils were constricted with bradycardia, hypotension, abdominal cramps, wheezing and crepitations on lung auscultation. a) What is the most probable diagnosis in this case? b) Explain the mechanism of action of this poisoning. c) Interpret the clinical findings in this case with reasoning. d) Enumerate the investigations required in this case. e) Create a treatment plan for this case.

What is the mode of action of carbon monoxide in human body? Briefly explain the effect of different air concentrations of carbon monoxide when a person is exposed. Outline the management of acute exposure to carbon monoxide

Classify mechanical injuries. Define abrasion. Describe the types of abrasion. Describe the medicolegal importance of abrasion.

A 27 year old woman had gone to take a bath in a non- ventilated bathroom fitted with a defective gas geyser. She was found dead by her family. At autopsy, there was cherry red discoloration of postmortem staining. No injuries were present on the body. Histopathology of vital organs was unremarkable. Blood and viscera were collected and sent to Forensic Science Laboratory. a. Mention the most probable cause of death in this case. b. Describe the mechanism of action in such cases c. Describe the clinical features in such cases d. Outline the treatment of such cases e. Describe the legal duties of a doctor in such cases

National Medical Commission and its functions.

Define Hanging. Enumerate various types of Asphyxial death. Write in detail the Postmortem findings in case of Hanging. Add a note on Hyoid bone fracture.

Enumerate the various identification data in living and dead. Describe the types, method of collection and medicolegal importance of fingerprints.

Classify mechanical injuries. Difference between Homicidal and Suicidal cut throat injuries.

A 30 year old male farmer was admitted to a hospital for severe vomiting and diarrhea that developed after consumption of greyish color tablets. On admission he was a febrile, conscious; he had tachycardia, dyspnea, reduced power in all four limbs, no local abdominal tenderness or rigidity and altered sensorium. During the course of the treatment, his condition deteriorated and he died. During autopsy the contents of the stomach were hemorrhagic with mucosal shedding and an intense garlicky odour. a. What is the probable diagnosis? b. Describe the mechanism of action of this poison. c. How do you treat such type of poisoning cases? d. Mention the post-mortem findings in cases of death in such poisoning. e. Mention the medico-legal importance of such type of poisoning.

Describe the mechanism of action, manifestations, diagnosis and management of Organophosphorus insecticide poisoning.