Ophthalmology Previous Year Question Papers

Herbert pits are seen in a. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis b. Trachoma c. Adenoviral conjunctivitis d. Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis

Extraocular muscles differ from other straited muscles in the body due to a. Small fibers are located centrally b. Few motor end plates c. Large motor unit d. Specialized muscle spindles

The yoke muscle of right inferior rectus is a. Right superior oblique b. Left superior oblique c. Right inferior oblique d. Left inferior oblique

Surgical treatment of congenial ptosis with poor levator function is a. Fasanella -servat procedure b. Levator resection- anterior approach c. Levator resection -posterior approach d. Frontalis suspension

Angioid streaks are seen in a. Marfan's syndrome b. Osteogenesis imperfecta c. Pseudoxanthoma elasticum d. Laurence Moon Biedl syndrome

Beaten Bronze appearance at the fovea is seen in: a. Stargardt disease b. Tuberous sclerosis c. Juvenile Retinoschisis d. Cone dystrophy

Asteroid Hyalosis is more common in patients with a. Atherosclerosis b. Diabetes mellitus c. Hypertension d. Hypercalcemia

Centrocecal Scotoma is seen in a. Glaucoma b. Retinitis pigmentosa c. Toxic optic neuropathy d. Papilledema

Kayser - Fleischer ring is seen in a. Siderosis bulbi b. Wilsons disease c. Keratoconus d. Fuch's dystrophy

Intraocular feature in Homocystinuria is a. Cataract b: Glaucoma C. Pigmentary retinopathy d. Subluxation of lens

Choroidal hemangioma is seen in a. Downs syndrome b. Sturge Weber syndrome c. Neurofibromatosis d. Van-Hippel-Lindau disease

Hereditary retinoblastoma is inherited as a. Autosomal dominant b. Autosomal recessive c. X-linked dominant d. X-limited recessive

Herpes Zoster ophthalmicus is caused by a. Herpes simplex virus b. Varicella Zoster virus c. Cytomegalovirus d. All of the above

Interstitial keratitis is seen in infection with a. Syphilis b. Pseudomonas с. Candida d. Acanthamoeba

Munson's sign is seen in a. Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy b Keratoconus c. Pellucid marginal degeneration d. Mooren's ulcer

Risk factor for normal tension glaucoma is a. Thin cornea b. Myopia c. Old age d. Migraine

Blood staining of cornea is seen in a. Anterior uveitis b. Blunt trauma c. Neovascular glaucoma d. Retinoblastoma

Dalen-Fuchs' nodules are seen in a. Nodular scleritis b. Granulomatous uveitis c. Sympathetic ophthalmia d. Tuberculous choroiditis

Uniocular diplopia is seen in a. Thyroid eye disease b. Paralytic squint c. Blowout fracture of orbit d. Decentered intraocular lens

The drug which causes pain relief in the management of corneal ulcer is a. Cycloplegic eye drops b. Fluoroquinolones eye drops c. Anti-fungal eye drops d. Tear supplement eye drops

A female 8 years old child living in a slum is brought to the eye department with pain, lacrimation and photophobia. On examination she had large follicles on the conjunctiva and vascularization of the superior part of the cornea. What is your likely diagnosis? a. Adenoviral conjunctivitis b. Trachoma c. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis d. Phlyctenular conjunctivitis

An emmetropic child of ten years of age has an amplitude of accomodation of ____ a. 2 diopters b. 7 diopters c. 14 diopters d. 18 diopters

Lens induced glaucoma due to intumescent cataract is known as a. Photolytic glaucoma b. Phacomorphic glaucoma C. Phacotopic glaucoma d. Phacoanaphylatic glaucoma

A 55 year old male comes for routine check up to his ophthalmologist. He says for the past few months he does not need glasses for reading. He feels he has got back his sight. What is the cause for this second sight a. Nuclear sclerosis b. Posterior subcapsular cataract c. Anterior subluxation d. Keratoconus

Secondary angle closure glaucoma is seen in uveitis due to a. Seclusion pupillae b. Occlusion pupillae c. Festooned pupil d. Total posterior synechia

Blue sclera is seen in all except a. Osteogenesis imperfect b. Marfan s syndrome c. Ehlers Danlos syndrome d. Down's syndrome

The primary action of lateral rectus is a. Abduction b. Adduction c. Elevation d. Depression

A 45 year old female presents to the ophthalmologist. The visual field examination showed inferior altitudinal defect in right eye. Fundus examination showed pallid disc edema in the right eye. What is the likely fundus finding in this patient a. Papilledema b. Papillitis c. Optic atrophy d. Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy

A 50 year old male with history of diabetes mellitus retinopathy evaluation. He reports that his blood sugar was not under control. On examination the ophthalmologist diagnosed him to have proliferative diabetic retinopathy in both eyes, What is the best treatment option a. Vitrectomy b. Pan-retinal photocoagulation c. Control sugars and observe every six months d. Intra vitreal steroid implant

The predisposing factors of primary angle closure disease is a. Short eye b. Steeper cornea c. Deep anterior chamber d. Myopia

A 36 year old lady presents to the emergency department with swelling in the right orbit. She gives history of gardening in the morning. She suspects some insect bite. On examination her vision pupillary examination and extra ocular movements were within normal limits.There was significant upper eyelid oedema with mild tenderness. What is the likely diagnosis a. Preseptal cellulitis b. Orbital cellulitis c. Cavernous sinus thrombosis d. Superior orbital fissure syndrome

Hordeolum Internum is the suppurative inflammation of the gland a. Zeis b. Moll c. Meibomian gland d. Sweat glands

Features of Argyll Robertson Pupil include all except a. Light near dissociation b. Syphilitic cause c. Pupils are large and dilated d. Pupillary contraction on convergence is retained

Ring scotoma is seen in all these conditions all except a. Retinitis pigmentosa b. Aphakic glasses c. Advanced glaucoma d. Central serous chorio-retinopathy

In India, according to National Programme for control of blindness vision less than___ is classified as legal blindness a. 6/18 b. 6/24 c. 6/60 d. 3/60

Typical description of concussion cataract is a. Snow flake b. Rosette shaped cataract c. Snow storm d. Oil droplet

The eye of a newborn is a. Emmetropic b. Hypermetropic c. Myopic d. Astigmatism

The virus causing hemorrhagic conjunctivitis a. Coxsackie A24 b. Pox virus c. Measles d. Mumps

Munson’s sign is a feature of a. Keratoconus b. Corneal ulcer c. Pterygium d. Posterior staphyloma

False about pathological myopia a. Vitreous opacities b. Retinal degeneration c. Myopic crescents d. Shallow anterior chamber

Contraindicated in glaucoma is a. Atropine b. Pilocarpine c. Timolol maleate d. Latanoprost

Most common lacrimal gland tumor a. Pleomorphic adenoma b. Adenoid cystic adenoma c. Lymphoma d. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

Diabetic cataract occurs due to the accumulation of a. Glucose b. Fructose c. Galactitol d. Sorbitol

Mutton fat KPs are seen in a Granulomatous uveitis b. Hemorrhagic uveitis c. Non granulomatous uveitis d. Posterior uveitis

Physiological blue sclera is seen in a. Elderly b. Pregnancy c. Premature newborn d. None of these

Most common type of scleritis a. Non necrotising b. Necrotising c. Posterior d. None

Which one of the following is involved in the visual pathway a. Nucleus gracilis b. Medial geniculate body C Lateral geniculate body (с) d. Hypothalamus

Blow out fracture of the orbit commonly produces a. Deviation of the septum b. Retinal haemorrhage c. Fracture of the nasal bones d. Fracture of the floor of the orbit

The earliest change in diabetic retinopathy a. Hyaloid change b. Hard exudate c. Microaneurysms and pinpoint haemorrhages d. Vitreous haemorrhage

WHO classification of Vitamin A Deficiency.

Chalazion.

Aniridia means a) Absence of Iris b) Absence of lens c) Absence of ciliary body d) Absence of Retina

Which rectus muscle inserts closest to the limbus? a) Lateral rectus b) Medial rectus c) Superior rectus d) Inferior rectus

Drug of choice for fungal corneal ulcer is a) Amphotericin B b) Natamycin c) Bleomycin d) Neomycin

At birth, the eye is usually a) Hypermetropic b) Emmetropic c) Myopic d) Anisometropic

Risk factors for primary open angle glaucoma include all except a) Family history b) High myopia c) Hypertension d) Young age

Single oral drug recommended for Trachoma control is a) Tetracycline b) Azithromycin c) Streptomycin d) Penicillin

Amblyopia – causes and management.

Uses of Atropine in ophthalmology.

Following all are tests for contrast sensitivity except a) Visitech chart b) Functional Acuity contrast test (FACT) c) Pelli Roboson Contest sensitivity chart d) Visual Evoked Potential(VEP)

The Schwalbe’s line is the termination of a) Bowman’s membrane b) Endothelium c) Trabecular meshwork d) Descemet’s membrane

Regarding hyphema, all are true except a) May be associated with low intraocular pressure b) Is treated with restriction of activity c) If it recurs within a short time may result in more severe problems d) Is treated with steroid drops

A 24 year old lady presents with a red eye. There is no discharge. The redness is located in the temporal quadrant of the bulbar conjunctiva. There is slight discomfort; the vision is normal. There is no other medical history, one of the following is true: a) The most likely diagnosis is bacterial conjunctivitis b) The most likely diagnosis is keratoconus c) The most likely diagnosis is episcleritis d) The most likely diagnosis is scleritis

Cobblestone papillae occur in a) Trachoma b) Acute conjunctivitis c) Spring catarrh d) Ophthalmia nodosa

Regarding chemical eye injuries, all are true except: a) Acids cause more severe damage than alkalis b) Initial treatment requires copious irrigation of eye with water c) May be associated with corneal melt d) May be treated with vitamin C and tetracyclines

Optimum age for Dacryocystorhinostomy in congenital NLD obstruction after failed probing is a) 1 year b) 2 years c) 4 years d) 8 years

Symptoms of congenital glaucoma include of the following, except: a) Increased corneal diameter b) A red eye c) Splits in Descemet's membrane d) Cloudiness of the cornea

KF ring is seen at level of a) Descemet’s membrane b) Endothelium c) Lens capsule d) Bowman’s membrane

Orbital injury may produce all the following signs, except: a) Periorbital emphysema b) Limitation of eye movements c) Proptosis in the longer term d) A patch of anaesthesia below the orbital rim

A patient presents to casualty with a painful red eye and a cloudy cornea, the emergency doctor suspects the patient has acute glaucoma. One of the following is false: a) He should arrange for him to be seen in the eye clinic in a week b) Treatment is initially with intravenous acetazolamide and pilocarpine eye drops c) A laser iridotomy should be performed d) The condition may be caused by a block to the flow of aqueous through the pupil

Energy used in Phacoemulsification is a) Ultra sound b) Laser c) Electrical energy d) None of the above

A 70 year old woman with a history of previous head trauma presents with sudden onset of red proptosed eye, Eye movements are reduced in all directions, intraocular pressure is increased. The most likely diagnosis is: a) Dysthyroid eye disease b) A caroticocavernous sinus fistula c) An orbital varix d) A dermoid cyst

A patient is found by his ophthalmologist to have an arcuate visual field defect, an enlarged optic cup and raised intra ocular pressure. One of the following is true: a) The most likely diagnosis is acute glaucoma b) The most likely diagnosis is chronic open angle glaucoma c) Treatment is with intravenous acetazolamide d) Treatment is confined to topical therapy

Molteno implant is a) An intra ocular lens (IOL) b) Implant for RD surgery c) Intra-vitreal implant d) Glaucoma drainage device

All the following regarding the instruments are true, except: a) Keratometry allows the protrusion of the eye to be measured b) The synoptophore measures convergence and divergence c) The exophthalmometer allows the protrusion of the eye to be measured d) Retinoscopy is used to assess refractive error

All the following regarding the pupils are true, except: a) The term miosis means a constricted pupil b) Anisocoria means that the pupils differ in size c) Damage to oculomotor parasympathetic fibers causes miosis d) A relative afferent pupillary defect indicates optic nerve disease

Adverse effects of tropical beta blocker include all except a) Bradycardia b) Dyslipidemia c) Mask the symptoms of Hypoglycaemia d) Bronchodilatation

All the following are indications of evisceration except: a) Retinoblastoma b) Panophthalmitis c) Expulsive choroidal haemorrhage d) Bleeding anterior staphyloma

A 55-year-old woman presents with small ptosis, miosis on the same side. She is a smoker, The likely diagnosis is: a) Myasthenia gravis b) Marcus-Gunn syndrome c) Horner's syndrome d) Third nerve palsy

In DCR (Dacryocystorhinostomy) surgery lacrimal sac is anastomosed to a) Inferior meatus b) Middle meatus c) Superior meatus d) Maxillary Antrum

In Trachoma, all are true except a) Affects more than 84 million people b) 60% children have active disease c) Corneal scarring may result from cicatricial entropion d) Is treated with ivermectin

A 16-year-old boy presents with swollen eyelids, a red eye, proptosis, severe eye pain and tenderness and a pyrexia. The vision has become very blurred and colour vision is reduced. Which statement is false? a) Orbital cellulitis b) A relative afferent pupillary defect may be present c) No investigations are necessary d) Urgent orbital compression is indicated

The efferent for corneal sensation is a) V Cranial Nerve b) VII Cranial Nerve c) III Cranial Nerve d) VI Cranial Nerve

Oral propranolol 2-3 mg/kg per day used to reduce recurrence of which of the following conditions a) Xantholesma b) Capillary hemangioma c) Keratocanthomas d) Congenital naevi

Which of the following is the main cause of blindness in children worldwide? a) Glaucoma b) Cataracts c) Protein deficiency d) Vitamin A deficiency

Blepharophimosis syndrome has all following except a) Ptosis b) Tele canthus c) Epicanthus inversus d) Entropion

In WHO classification of xerophthalmia X2 refers to a) Night blindness b) Conjunctival xerosis c) Bitots spots d) Corneal xerosis

Regarding trabeculectomy surgery, one of the following is false: a) May be complicated by intraocular infection b) Is associated with accelerated cataract development c) Reverses damage to the optic disc caused by glaucoma d) Success of surgery may be improved by using antimetabolites

Most common cause of low vision in children a) Refractive error b) Cataract c) Strabismus d) Corneal opacity

In acquired immunodeficiency syndrome a) Hemorrhages and cotton wool spots may be seen on the retina b) Opportunistic infection has increased since the development of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) c) CMV retinopathy causes focal white spots on the retina associated with hemorrhage d) Ganciclovir and foscarnet are used to treat CMV retinitis

Write about risk factors, grading, clinical features and management of diabetic retinopathy.

Describe etiopathogenesis, clinical features and management of Fungal Corneal Ulcer.

Myopia: types with optical ray diagram, clinical features and treatment.

Bacterial corneal Ulcer.

What is Primary open angle glaucoma and discuss its etiopathogenesis, clinical features and management.

Define and classify Retinal Detachment. Describe etiology, clinical features and management of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) definition, pathophysiology, clinical features and treatment.

Diabetic Retinopathy.

Keratoplasty - types and their indications.

Explain Fundus finding in pathological Myopia,add a note on management.

Classification of Diabetic retinopathy.

Clinical features of Trachoma.

Entropion – clinical features and management.

Phlyctenular conjunctivitis.

Etiology, clinical features and management of Traumatic Cataract.

Treatment of fungal corneal ulcer (Mycotic keratitis).

Field changes in Glaucoma.

Astigmatism – types and management.

Discuss the etiology, clinical features and management of Optic Neuritis.

Causes of subconjunctival Haemorrhage.

Dacryocystitis – types and management.

Clinical features and management of Acute Iridocyclitis.

Early post operative complications of small incision cataract surgery.

Signs of Keratoconus.

Anatomy of lens and causes of cataract.

Describe etiopathogenesis, clinical features and management of Buphthalmos.

Childhood blindness in India.

Thyroid Eye disease.

Anterior Uveitis.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) classification.

Spring Catarrh.

Eye banking.

Mention causes of Leukocoria.

Enumerate types of Lens-Induced Glaucoma (LIG).

Side effects of Atropine Eye Drops.

Causes of red eyes.

Clinical signs of Trachoma.

Causes for Deep Anterior Chamber.

Visual Acuity.

Enumerate types of Intraocular Lens.

White Pupillary Reflex (Leukocoria).

Mention causes of gradual painless loss of vision.

Types of Keratoplasty.

Vitamin-A Prophylaxis in children.

Mention causes of cherry red spot.

Cause of white Reflex in Pupil.

Structure of the precorneal tear film.

Types of Corneal Opacity.

Eye donation.

Weiss operation is done for A. Ectropion B. Ptosis C. Trichiasis D. Entropion

Commotio retinae is seen in A. Retinitis pigmentosa B. Blunt injury C. Diabetic retinopathy D. Penetrating injury

All are changes seen in diabetic retinopathy EXCEPT A. Papilledema B. Macular edema C. Hard exudates D. Retinal haemorrhages

All the below are seen in uveitis cases due to sarcoidosis except for A. Dalen fuchs nodule B. Chronic granulomatous uveitis C. Candle wax dripping sign D. Snow banking

Retinoscopy is done for A. Field of vision B. Error of refraction C. Curvature of retina D. Retinal examination

Age related Macular degeneration (ARMD) is responsible for which type of visual field defect. A. Central B. Peripheral C. Sectoral D. Hemianopia

The characteristic finding of Hypermature senile cataract A. Visual acuity of 6/60 B. Liquefaction of the cortical matter C. Coloured halos D. Posterior sub capsular opacification

Anisometropia means A. Difference in corneal curvature in both the meridians B. High difference in refractive error between both eyes C. Difference in pupil size in both eyes D. Difference in inter palpebral fissure height in both eyes

‘SAFE’ strategy is used for control of A. Viral keratitis B. Trachoma C. Vitamin A deficiency D. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis

Which of the following is defined as loss of eyelashes A. Madarosis B. Tylosis C. Blepharosis D. Trichiasis

One of the earliest features of anterior uveitis includes A. Keratic precipitates B. Hypopyon C. Posterior synechae D. Aqeous flare

Which of the following is the best treatment option for gonococcal conjunctivitis A. Ethambutol B. Ceftriaxone C. Tetracycline D. Erythromycin

Refractive error seen in extensive corneal scar is A. Regular astigmatism B. Irregular astigmatism C. Myopic astigmatism D. Hypermetropic astigmatism

The most visually disabling type of cataract is A. Cortical cataract B. Nuclear cataract C. Cuneiform cataract D. Posterior subcapsular cataract

Salmon patch appearance is a characteristic finding in A. Neurotrophic keratitis B. Exposure keratitis C. Interstitial keratitis D. Acanthamoeba Keratitis

Which dye is used in “Tear film break up time” test A. Rose Bengal Dye B. Fluorescein Dye C. Lissamine Green Dye D. Trypan Blue Dye

A boy has a history of watering from his left eye since birth. He was diagnosed to have congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Already two sittings of probing are done for him, which has failed. Optimum age for performing dacryocystorhinostomy operation for this child is A. 1 year B. 2 year C. 4 year D. 8 year

Muscle involved in ptosis in Horner’s syndrome is A. Riolan muscle B. Levator muscle C. Muller’s muscle D. Orbicularis oculi

All the following are extraocular muscles of eye except A. Superior rectus B. Inferior rectus C. Ciliary muscle D. Superior oblique

SAFE strategy for trachoma ‘S’ stands for A. Screening B. Surgery C. Steroids D. Syringing

Procedure of choice in a young lady with chronic dacrocystitis is A. Dacrocystorhinostomy B. Probing of nasolacrimal duct C. Dacrocystectomy D. Balloon dacryoplasty

The best treatment option for a 60 year old patient with Aphakia who is Pseudophakic in the other eye is A. Secondary Intra Ocular Lens implantation B. Scleral contact Lenses C. Radial keratotomy D. Aphakic Glasses

The condition of misdirected eyelashes is called A. Ectropion B. Distichiasis C. Trichiasis D. Tylosis

The type of optic atrophy seen in Retinitis pigmentosa is A. Secondary optic atrophy B. Consecutive optic atrophy C. Glaucomatous optic atrophy D. Segmental optic atrophy

Treatment of choice in a 65 year old man with suspected tumor in the lacrimal sac is A. Lacrimal probing B. Dacrocystorhinostomy C. Dacrocystectomy D. Balloon dacryoplasty

Stem cells are present in ………………….. part of the cornea A. Limbus B. Epithelium C. Stroma D. Descemet membrane

Most common malignant tumour of lid in India is A. Squamous cell carcinoma B. Sebaceous gland carcinoma C. Malignant melanoma of lid D. Hemangioma of Lid

Horners tranta spot is seen in A. Membranous conjunctivitis B. Vernal Kerato conjunctivitis C. Toxic conjunctivitis D. Chalmydia trachomatis

Heterochromia of Iris is A. Absence of Iris B. Multiple Iris C. Eccentrically placed Iris D. Change in the colour of Iris one from the Other

A young male patient presents with Keratitis in right eye and vesicular rashes over the right side of his face. The most likely causative agent for this is A. Herpes zoster B. Candida albicans C. Aspergillus D. Staphylococcus

Toxic amblyopia is caused by: A. Propranolol B. Loteprednol C. Ethambutol D. Paracetamol

Test used to diagnose dry eye is A. Schirmer’s test B. Jones test C. Siedel’s test D. Amsler’s test

Eales disease presents with A. Subconjunctival haemorrhage B. Vitreous haemorrhage C. Choroidal haemorrhage D. Hyphema

An Optic nerve injury may result in all except A. Loss of vision in that eye B. Dilation of pupil C. Ptosis D. Loss of light reflex

Munsons sign is seen in A. Keratoconus B. Cornea plana C. Microcornea D. Keratomalacia

Which anti glaucoma medication is contraindicated in patients with Bronchial asthma A. Latanoprost B. Timolol C. Mannitol D. Dorzolamide

All are features of Marfan’s Syndrome EXCEPT A. Tall stature B. High hypermetropia C. High myopia D. Ectopia lentis

All are features of an acute attack of primary angle closure glaucoma except A. Red, painful and tender eye B. Intraocular pressure is raised to 40 mm of Hg C. Pupil is constricted and fixed D. Fellow eye shows shallow anterior chamber

Angle closure glaucoma – all are treatment options EXCEPT A. Trabeculectomy B. Pilocarpine C. Atropine D. Iridectomy

Jet black pupil is seen in A. Aphakia B. Immature cataract C. Nuclear sclerosis D. Mature cataract

Most common cause of visual impairment in children in India is A. Refractive error B. Ocular injury C. Vitamin A deficiency D. Cataract

Following clinical finding is seen in Vitamin A deficiency A. Roth spots B. Foster fuchs spots C. Bitot spots D. Horner tranta s spots

The most common primary intraocular tumour in adult is? A. Retinoblastoma B. Squmaous cell carcinoma C. Choroidal Melanoma D. Astrocytoma

The Hirschberg test is used to detect A. Strabismus B. Glaucoma C. Cataract D. Ptosis

A 45 year old diabetic patient complaints of decreased vision when he goes out in bright daylight for the last six months. He is more comfortable indoor. He does not have eye pain or any other complaint. What is the probable diagnosis A. Cuneiform cataract B. Cupuliform cataract C. Mature cataract D. Morgagnian cataract

100/90 day glaucoma is seen in A. Central retinal artery occlusion B. Central retinal vein occlusion C. Branch retinal artery occlusion D. Branch retinal vein occlusion

Optic disc diameter is A. 1 mm B. 1.5 mm C. 2mm D. 3mm

Stye is infection of A. Lacrimal gland B. Tarsal glands C. Zeis glands D. Meibomian gland

National Program for control of Blindness was launched in the year A. 1967 B. 1976 C. 1987 D. 1998

WHO defines blindness if visual acuity in Snellens chart is less than A. 1/60 B. 6/60 C. 3/60 D. N0 PL

Which of the following is used for intermediate method for storage of donor cornea A. Optisol GS B. Nutrient agar C. Cryopreservation D. Organ culture method

Marcus Gunn pupil is a feature of A. Papilloedema B. Anterior Uveitis C. Amblyopia D. Papillitis

Muscles arising from apex of the orbit are all except A. Superior rectus B. Superior oblique C. Inferior oblique D. Levator palpebrae superioris

Corneal sensations are diminished in A. Herpes simplex keratitis B. Bacterial conjunctivitis C. Arcus Senilis D. Marginal keratitis

A patient comes with Superior subluxation of lens in both eyes. The most likely diagnosis is A. Marfans syndrome B. Weill Marchesani syndrome C. Homocystinuria D. Sulfite oxidase deficiency

All are layers of tear film except A. Aqueous layer B. Lipid layer C. Mucous layer D. Protein layer

A patient developed proptosis, diplopia and pain over right eye following a road traffic accident. On examination he had chemosis, restricted ocular movements, pulsatile proptosis and bruit over that eye. What may be the diagnosis A. Fracture of Sphenoid B. Orbital cellulitis C. Retrobulbar Haemorrhage D. Carotid cavernous fistula

A boy gets hit by a tennis ball in the eye following which he has blurred vision in that eye. Which of the following can happen due to the blunt injury by the ball A. Pars planitis B. Commotio retinae C. Scleritis D. Retinal vasculitis

Important symptom differentiating preseptal cellulitis from orbital cellulitis is A. Pain B. Redness C. Limitation of eye movements D. Lid edema

The commonest cause of posterior staphyloma is A. Retinal detachment B. Glaucoma C. Iridocyclitis D. High myopia

The most common cause for unilateral proptosis is in India A. Lacrimal gland tumour B. Thyroid associated orbitopathy C. Neuroblastoma D. Ewing sarcoma of the sphenoid Bone

Patient develops adhesion between palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva after chemical injury. This condition is called A. Ectropion B. Entropion C. Symblepharon D. Trichiasis

The image formed in Indirect Ophthalmoscope is A. Erect and magnified B. Inverted and Normal C. Inverted and magnified D. Erect and Normal

All of the following are needed for corneal transparency except A. Absence of blood supply B. Absence of nerve supply C. Arrangement of stromal lamellae D. Endothelial pump

Granulomatous uveitis is seen in all these diseases EXCEPT A. Tuberculosis B. Sarcoidosis C. Herpes simplex D. Syphilis

According to NPCB & VI criteria, Blindness is defined as visual acuity of less than A. 6/18 B. 6/60 C. 3/60 D. 1/60

Which are the 2nd order neurons in visual pathway A. Bipolar cells B. Amacrine cells C. Ganglion cells, D. Optic tract

Cornea supplied by nerve fibers derived from A. Trochlear nerve B. Optic nerve C. Trigeminal D. Oculomotor nerve a)

All are causes of proliferative retinopathy except A. Central retinal vein occlusion B. Eales disease C. Diabetic retinopathy D. Rubella retinopathy

A diabetic patient with ketaoacidosis present with loss of vision, acute proptosis , headache and facial pain. Most likely diagnosis is A. Mucormycosis B. Thyroid orbitopathy C. Papillitis D. Iridocyclitis a)

Atropine eye drops is contraindicated in A. Acute Iridocyclitis B. Acute congestive glaucoma C. Corneal ulcer D. Malignant Glaucoma

The longest part of optic nerve is the A. Intraocular B. Intraorbital C. Intracanalicular D. Intracranial

The total refractive power of normal adult cornea in A. 30-35 D B. 40-45 D C. 50-55 D D. 60-65 D

A 41 year old woman with a pituitary adenoma presents with following visual field defect A. Binasal hemianopia B. Ipsilateral homonymous hemianopia C. Contralateral homonymous hemianopia D. Bitemporal hemianopia a)

Astigmatism

Papilloedema.

NPCB (National Program for Control of Blindness)

Complications of anterior uveitis

Orbital cellulitis.

Describe the clinical features and management of Orbital cellulitis.

Legal blindness

Draw a neat labeled diagram of section through the upper eye lid.

Astigmatism – types and treatment

Explain about Light reflex pathway with a neat Diagram.

Describe with neat labelled diagram the pupillary pathway. Name some pupillary abnormalities.

A 60 yr old male known poorly controlled Diabetic and Hypertensive complains of painless drooping of left upper eye lid of sudden onset with limitation of ocular movements except Abduction. What is the most probable diagnosis? How do you investigate and manage this case?

Enumerate various types of refractive errors. Add a note on management of Myopia.

Write the clinical features and treatment of chronic granulomatous anterior uveitis.

Clinical features and management of myopia

Extraocular muscles and their innervation and actions.

Layers of Retina

Discuss Diabetic Retinopathy.

A 7year old boy suffers from severe itching, redness and white ropy discharge from both his eyes during summer season every year. He also has history of allergic rhinitis. Diagnose the ocular condition. Write the typical clinical signs seen in this disease and the treatment for this case.

Describe classification of ptosis and management

Draw and label the diagram of pupillary pathway

Classify Hypermetropia and discuss its treatment options?

A young child came with complaints of itching in both eyes since six months, he also gives history of recurrent sneezing. a) What is the likely diagnosis? b) Discuss the management

District blindness control society and its function

Causes and treatment of Lagophthalmos.

Classification of Astigmatism and its treatment options?

Hypopyon corneal ulcer

Medical management of primary open angle glaucoma.

Trachoma – WHO classification and treatment

Cycloplegics.

Amblyopia

Interstitial Keratitis

A 10 day old baby was brought with acute redness, discharge and matting of both eyes since two days. a) What is the probable diagnosis? b) Write the clinical features and management?

What are the layers of retina? Write the fundus picture of retinitis pigmentosa

What are the symptoms of congenital dacryocystitis and its treatment options available?

Describe WHO classification of trachoma. Briefly discuss SAFE strategy

A 5 year old female presented to eye OPD with history of pain, redness, lid edema from 3 days following which she developed protrusion of eye ball with fever. What is the probable diagnosis? What are the clinical features of this condition? What are the investigations you order in this case?

A 45 yr old female complains of constant watering of left eye associated with discharge from Left eye with mild congestion around the inner canthus which exacerbates during common cold. She complains of swelling around the inner canthus area. What is the probable diagnosis and how will you manage this condition?

Clinical feature and management of spring catarrh

Write in detail about clinical features and treatment of anterior blepharitis.

Herpes Zoster ophthalmicus

Describe the types of Astigmatism.

Viral Keratitis

Acute Iritis

Discuss types of myopia and its management

What is presbyopia and discuss the treatment options for myopia

Explain pathophysiological stages of Maturation of Cortical type of senile Cataract

Describe types and management of entropion

Classify Blepharitis. Describe the clinical features and treatment of posterior Blepharitis.

Classification of Hypertensive retinopathy.

Discuss the etiological classification and management of Dry eye syndrome.

Discuss management of primary open angle.

Write the classification and treatment of Astigmatism

Vitamin A deficiency - WHO classification and treatment.

Papillitis

Classify Allergic Conjunctivitis.

A 58year old man has a history of frequent change of his presbyopic glasses. His visual acuity is 6/9 in both eyes. His Intraocular pressure is 28mm of Hg in the right eye and 32mm of Hg in the left eye. Write the visual field defects seen in this condition.

Discuss management of Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction

Clinical features of blunt ocular trauma

What is Buphthalmos ? Discuss its clinical features and treatment.

Discuss Anatomy of lacrimal drainage system with a neat diagram

Describe the clinical features and treatment of Fungal corneal ulcer?

Differential diagnosis of epiphora in an adult and management.

Clinical features and management of Non granulomatous Iridocyclitis

Write a note on Hypertensive Retinopathy.

Briefly describe the clinical features and treatment of fungal keratitis.

Congenital cataract

Diabetic Retinopathy classification and clinical features.

Describe the clinical features of paralytic squint.

Discuss causes of dry eye and its management

What are the differences between granulomatous and non granulomatous uveitis?

What are the complications and sequelae of Anterior Uveitis?

Central Retinal Artery Occlusion

What is Aphakia? What are the treatment options available for Aphakia?

Describe the clinical features and management of acute congestive Glaucoma?

Enumerate causes of Ptosis and management.

A 35 year old female patient presents with diminution of vision in right eye for 5 days along with painful eye movement. Her visual acuity is 6/60 in that eye and colour vision is impaired. On examination a relative afferent pupillary defect was noticed in the right eye. Diagnose the condition. Describe the fundus changes expected in this patient. How will you manage this case?

Phacomorphic glaucoma

Management of Opthalmia Neonatorum.

Keratoconus

Discuss vitreous haemorrhage and its management.

Describe clinical classification and fundus findings in hypertensive retinopathy

Clinical features and management of acute dacryocystitis

A 20 yrs old male patient came with defective vision more during evening times from past 1 year which is slowly progressive. Patient elder siblings having similar complaint. What is your diagnosis? What are the signs and symptoms of this condition?

Complications of cataract surgery

A 45 Year old female presented with watering and discharge from Right Eye of 6 months duration on and off. On examination she had a painless swelling near the medial canthus of the eye. What is the probable diagnosis? How do you manage the case? Enumerate the complications if not treated?

Describe the treatment of hypopyon corneal ulcer.

Types of Entropion and its complications.

Paralytic squint

Write the clinical features and treatment of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

Enumerate etiological classification of ptosis with one cause for each

Entropion – etiological classification and treatment.

Intra ocular lenses

Write in detail about the Postoperative complications of cataract surgery.

Describe anatomy of the lens with a neat diagram. Briefly describe stages of cortical cataract

Write a note on complications of cataract surgery

Management of Endophthalmitis

After Cataract and its treatment.

Describe the first aid management of a patient with chemical injury of the eye.

Clinical feature and management of Chalazion

Enumerate ocular lesions of closed globe injury

What is the characteristic appearance of Traumatic cataract? What is the management?

Discuss causes of endophthalmitis.

Describe in detail the structural anatomy of upper eyelid with the help of a labeled diagram.

Drugs used in management of open angle glaucoma

Management of anterior uveitis.

Central retinal vein occlusion

Binocular vision

Mention features of Malignant Myopia.

Clinical features of Iridocyclitis.

Draw and label the lacrimal drainage system

Clinical features and treatment of vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).

Discuss Pupillary pathway.

Vision 2020

Episcleritis

Retinitis Pigmentosa.

Iris bombe

Synchysis scintillans

SRK formula

Types of lens induced Glaucoma?

Endophthalmitis.

Indications of enucleation

Optic Atrophy.

Causes of vitreous hemorrhage

Rehabilitation of the blind.

Differential diagnosis of coloured halos

Clinical Features of Adherent Leucoma.

Define Trichiasis. Enumerate the causes

Mention the layers of tear film.

Tarsorrhaphy.

Clinical features of Phlyctenular conjunctivitis

Enucleation and its indications

Age related macular degeneration

Classification of Staphyloma.

Second sight in Ophthalmology

WHO definition of blindness.

Etiological classification of hypermetropia.

Three causes of Ectopia lentis

Complications of corneal ulcer

Ocular signs in head injury patient.

Thyroid eye signs

Different Types of Intraocular lenses depending on Material.

What are the types of INTRAOCULAR LENS?

Causes of Neovascular glaucoma

Enumerate complication of corneal ulcer.

Name three Anti-Glaucoma drugs and their dosage.

Mention three immuno-suppressive drugs.

Mention layers of cornea.

Schirmer test.

Enumerate three neurological visual field changes

Mention the layers of tear film and its functions

Causes of cherry red spot in the Fundus.

Swinging flash light test

Preservation methods of Donor Cornea.

Enumerate any three causes of Cherry-red spot in the macula.

Signs of Horners syndrome

Name lasers used in ophthalmology and their indications.

Fincham’s Test.

Three cornea based refractive surgical procedures for correction of myopia

Tests for Malingering

Discuss sympathetic ophthalmitis.

Write the stages of acute dacryocystitis.

Scleritis – classification

Differential diagnosis of leukocoria

30 year old female came with complaints of sudden loss of vision and pain on eye movement in right eye. On examination she had relative afferent pupillary defect in the right eye a) What is your diagnosis? b) Name a systemic cause for the same

Four features of Granulomatous uveitis.

Contact lenses.

Describe the action and nerve supply of Superior Oblique muscle

Causes of Night blindness

Staphyloma.

Three uses of fluorescein dye in ophthalmology

What are the late postoperative complications of cataract surgery?

Nystagmus

Mention causes for sudden loss of vision.

Describe three macular function tests.

Uses of fluorescein in ophthalmology

Six uses of laser in ophthalmology

Clinical features of paralytic squint.

Differences between concomitant and incomitant squint

WHO classification of Trachoma.

What are the muscles innervated by the Third Nerve and their actions?

Uses of cycloplegics in Ophthalmic conditions

Three complications of contact lens

Mooren’s ulcer.

Fundus signs of retinitis pigmentosa

Name the fundus findings in Myopia.

Mention three causes of Congenital Cataract.

Mention three signs of Rhegmatogenous Retinal detachment.

Treatment modalities for myopia.

Types of Optic atrophy

Nodular scleritis.

Anisocoria.

Antiviral drugs in Ophthalmology

Episceritis

Draw a cross section of eyelid and label the parts.

What is after cataract? How is it treated?

Layers of tear film and three cause of dry eye

Intraocular Pressure (IOP).

Sudden loss of vision

State three indications for Contact lens

Causes of papilledema

Factors affecting the corneal transparency.

Dry eye causes

Clinical Signs of Blunt injury

Etiological classification of Optic atrophy.

Three lasers in ophthalmology and their uses

Name the methods of preserving Corneal button.

Mention three types of Optic Atrophy.

Mention three causes for dry eyes.

Tonometry.

Causes of Childhood blindness in India

Causes for Nutritional optic neuropathy.

Composition of tear film

What is Hemeralopia? Mention its causes?

Enumerate the causes of Corneal blindness in India

Antiviral drugs

Mention three causes for night blindness.

WHO classification of xerophthalmia

Differential diagnosis of Acute Red Eye.

Causes of Corneal blindness

Mention three indications for Dacryocystectomy.

Nerve supply of extra ocular muscles

Functions of the Eye bank.

Extra ocular muscle supplied by Oculomotor nerve.

Argyl Robertson Pupil

Causes of Papilloedema

Cycloplegic drugs.

Three ocular signs of thyroid exophthalmos

Antifungal agents in ophthalmology.

Evisceration

State three uses of Atropine in Eye

Name the extra ocular muscles along with their nerve supply.

Treatment of vitamin A deficiency in a one year old child

Three types of lasers and what procedure is done with each.

Contraindications for Eye donation.

Broad indications for keratoplasty

Enucleation.

Diplopia

Mention types of I.O.L’s.

List early complications of cataract surgery.

Uses of steroids in Ophthalmology.

Etiological classification of entropion

Three Refractive surgeries.

State three ocular features of AIDS

A 27 years old male patient comes with a complaint of watering, redness and discharge from left eye. Also gives history of matting of eye lashes a) What is your likely diagnosis? b) Discuss the differential diagnosis of red eye

A 5 yrs old boy suffering from Protein Energy malnutrition weighing 12 Kg came to OPD with mother complains of dry and lusterless eye with white foamy triangular patch on the inter palpebral area of both eyes. What is your Probable diagnosis? What is the differential diagnosis for the above lesion? What are the clinical features and management of this condition?

Discuss the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical features and management of viral keratitis

Describe the visual field changes in Primary open angle Glaucoma? Discuss two common drugs used in open angle glaucoma.

What are the stages of cataract formation in a Cortical cataract? What is the management of senile cortical cataract?

A 30 yrs old male, fruit seller by occupation complains of gradually progressive painless loss of vision in right eye from past 6 months. On Examination his vision in Right eye is 6/18 with a fleshy growth in conjunctiva encroaching upon cornea on the Nasal side. What is the most likely diagnosis? Describe the clinical features of this condition. Describe in detail the various treatment options available for this condition?

Discuss in detail the pre-operative assessment of cataract surgery and surgical management.

Discuss the differential diagnosis of Leukocoria in a child. Describe the stages and clinical features of Retinoblastoma.

A 50 years old man farmer by occupation, reported to OPD with complaints of pain, redness, watering, photophobia and diminished vision in left eye of three days duration. He gave history of injury to left eye with a plant twig while working in field one week back. Answer the following: a) What is the probable diagnosis? b) Describe the clinical features of the condition c) What laboratory investigation you will do to confirm the diagnosis? d) Enumerate the complications of above condition e) Discuss the treatment of the above condition

Discuss in detail the stages, clinical features and management of Angle closure Glaucoma.

Describe etiology, clinical features and treatment of Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma.

Discuss clinical features and management of Fungal Corneal Ulcer.

Classification, clinical features and treatment of diabetic retinopathy.

A farmer while cutting hay for his cow got injured by the grass, after which he developed pain and watering. Over the next three days he developed a white lesion in the eye. a) What is the probable diagnosis? b) Discuss the clinical features, investigations and management

Discuss the etiology, clinical features and management of acute congestive glaucoma

What are the clinical features, types and management of Vernal keratoconjunctivitis?

A 50 year old person came with gradual painless decrease of vision noticed since 6 months. On examination he has 6/60 in both eyes, anterior segment was normal and his intraocular pressure was found to be 30 mm Hg. a) Discuss differential diagnosis b) Discuss etiology, clinical features and management

A 60yr old male complaining of sudden painless loss of vision in the Left eye from 1 days. There was no history of Flashes or Floaters. Patient is a hypertensive and a chronic smoker from the past 10 years. What is the probable diagnosis? What are the differential diagnoses of this case? How will you manage a case of Central retinal artery occlusion?

What is the differential diagnosis for Red eye? What is the WHO classification of Trachoma?

Describe the etiology, stages, clinical features and management of Bacterial corneal ulcer.

Discuss etiology, clinical feature, complication and management of chronic dacryocystis.

A young male farmer comes with the history of a triangular fleshy growth on the nasal side of his right eye since last one year, which is gradually increasing in size and encroaching on his cornea. Diagnose the condition and describe in detail the different surgical methods to treat this condition. Describe the etiopathogenesis and complications of this condition if not treated.

Describe the aetiopathogenesis, clinical features, investigation and management of primary open angle glaucoma

What is Leucocoria and enumerate causes and describe the features of retinoblastoma.

Describe the differential diagnosis of Leukocoria in children. Briefly explain any one in detail.

Discuss clinical features and management of Narrow Angle Glaucoma.

A 35 year old male patient complaints of pain, redness, watering and decreased vision in his right eye for 5days following trauma to his eye by the tail of a cow. On examination he was found to have a white corneal lesion and visual acuity of counting finger at one meter distance in that eye. His left eye was normal. What is the probable diagnosis? Which investigations should be done for this patient? Write the treatment plan and the possible complications in this patient.

a) Discuss differences between granulomatous and non-granulomatous iridocyclitis b) How will you treat a patient with acute non-granulomatous uveitis?

Complicated Cataract

Vernal kerato conjunctivitis

Retinoblastoma

Cherry-red spot

Congenital Dacryocystitis

Hypermetropia

Myopia

Ophthalmia neonatorum

Late post-operative complications of cataract surgery

Scleritis

Chronic dacryocystitis

Draw & Label Cross – section of human crystalline lens

Classification of Uveitis

Draw & Label Layers of cornea

Pterygium

Signs of anterior uveitis

After-cataract

Draw and label the visual pathway

Two causes of vitreous haemorrhage

Two causes of diplopia

Irrespective of the etiology of a Corneal ulcer, the drug always indicated is: a. Corticosteroids b. Cycloplegics c. Antibiotics d. Anti Fungals

A 30 years old male presents with pain, redness, watering, photophobia and diminution of vision in the right eye of two days duration. On examination the cornea is clear. Pupil is constricted. There is posterior synechia. Answer the following: • What is the most probable diagnosis • What are the differential diagnosis • What will be the signs in the right eye, How will you manage this patient • Enumerate four complications in an untreated case

A 50-year-old farmer presents with pain, redness, watering, discharge and photophobia in the right eye since one week. He also complains of diminution of vision in the same eye since then. He gives history of trauma to the right eye with a sugar cane stick about 10 days back. On examination, there is conjunctival and circumcorneal congestion. Cornea is hazy with a central greyish white, dry looking lesion. The lesion has feathery edges and there are small infiltrates around the central lesion. Anterior chamber has a thick immobile hypopyon. a) What is the probable diagnosis b) What features support your diagnosis c) What is the management of this condition d) Which topical drug should be avoided in this condition e) What are the complications if not treated f) Mention the differential diagnosis g) What are the preventive measures

A Patient came with the complaint of excruciating pain in the right eye which is radiating to periocular and temporal region , circurmciliary and conjunctival congestion, shallow anterior chamber and raised intraocular pressure. The other eye on gonioscopy shows occludable angle. a) What is the probable diagnosis b) Write the clinical features in brief of the above condition c) What are the differential diagnosis d) How will you manage this case

A 65 years old male with a history of an uneventful cataract surgery right eye, 6 months ago, with good post-operative visual recovery, has now presented with painless progressive diminution of vision in the right eye. Answer the following questions: • What is the diagnosis • What are the differential diagnosis. • List the early and late post-operative complications of cataract surgery. Describe in detail the etiopathogenesis, clinical features and management of any one of these..

Write etiology, clinical features, complications and management of Ophthalmia neonatorum

A 55-years-old farmer sustained trauma with a stick to his right eye 2 weeks back. He complains of redness, pain, watering and diminution of vision in right eye. On examination, right eye shows circumciliary congestion, greyish white lesion with irregular margins on the cornea taking up positive fluorescein stain. a) What is the probable diagnosis b) What test should be done to confirm the diagnosis c) What ocular and systemic investigations should be done d) What is the management of this condition e) What are the complications of this condition if left untreated f) What is the differential diagnosis of this condition

A 60 years old male presents with painless progressive diminution of vision in both eyes for 2 years. On examination the distant visual acuity is 6/12 with a Double arcuate scotoma in each eye. Answer the following questions: • What is the most probable diagnosis • Describe the fundus changes in such a case. • Enumerate with the help of diagrams the other possible field defects in such cases. • Name the groups of drugs used in the medical management of this case with suitable examples.

Describe clinical features and management of Congenital Glaucoma.

A 50 year old lady came with complaints of frequent decrease in near vision and change of glasses to improve the same. She also complained of clouding of peripheral vision in both eyes at times. She has no other comorbid problems. Answer the following questions: a) What other history will you elicit from her b) What is the probable diagnosis c) What differential diagnosis can you offer d) What investigations you would request e) How will you plan your treatment

A 70-year-old man came with sudden painless loss of vision. He described the visual loss as a curtain coming down in front of his left eye. He maintained normal vision in his right eye. He is a known hypertensive since 7 years and diabetic since 2 years. His further examination showed a cherry red spot in the left eye. Answer the following questions: a) What is the probable diagnosis b) What other signs you will look for c) Four differential diagnosis of sudden visual loss in an elderly patient. d) What is the plan of management e) What complications can occur

A 38-year-old male with history of lower back ache presented with complaints of sudden redness, severe pain, photophobia, and decreased vision in right eye. Patient has h/o similar complains in the past and was treated for the same. On examination, right eye shows circumciliary congestion, miotic pupil, ciliary tenderness, and cloudy anterior chamber. a) What is the probable diagnosis b) Name two differential diagnosis of this condition c) What are the important slit lamp examination findings in this condition d) What are the investigations to be done for this condition e) How do you treat this condition f) What are the complications of this case if left untreated

A 50-year-old emotionally labile female patient, presented with sudden onset of pain. Redness and gross diminution of vision in the right eye. Patient complains of experiencing coloured halos and transient obscuration of vision in the past. Also, she gives history of wearing glasses for both distance and near. The anterior chamber is found to be shallow in the other eye a) What is the most probable diagnosis b) Describe the clinical features of this case c) Enumerate the predisposing factors for this disease d) Discuss the management of this case

A 35-year-old farmer, presents with history of injury to the right eye with vegetative matter while working in the fields. He now complains of pain, redness, watering, photophobia and defective vision. On examination, there is infiltration in the cornea and exudation in the anterior chamber. a) What is the most probable diagnosis b) Discuss clinical features of this case c) What are the possible complications and sequelae d) Discuss the management of this patient

A 70-year-old female patient presents with pain, redness and diminution of vision in the right eye since 10 days. She gives history of having undergone cataract surgery in the left eye 2 years back. On examination, there is circumcorneal congestion, hazy cornea due to corneal edema, shallow anterior chamber and the lens is cataractous and intumescent. Intraocular pressure is high in the right eye. a) What is the probable diagnosis b) What is the immediate medical management c) What is the definitive treatment d) What are the complications if not treated e) What are the differential diagnosis f) What are the surgical complications g) What are the preoperative advice to this patient

Patient complaining of excruciating pain in the right eye radiating to the ocular, periocular and temporal region, clinically shallow AC, circumciliary and conjunctival congestion with raised intra ocular pressure. Answer the following: • What is your more probable diagnosis • Name Two tests you will do in this patient • What are the methods to record intraocular pressure • What are the differential diagnosis • How will you manage the condition

A 70 year old male, diabetic and hypertensive, came with painless progressive diminution of vision in both eyes since about six months. His vision is counting fingers close to face in both eyes, not improving further with any glasses. There is a while reflex in the pupil in both the eyes and the fundus cannot be visualized. • What is the most probable diagnosis • What are the investigations you need to perform before operating on him • What are the types of surgeries which can be planned for him • Discuss the possible early post-operative complications of the surgery

All of the following may be associated with Congenital Cataracts Except a. Anterior Lenticonus b. Cerulean Cataracts c. Siderosis d. Rubella

Differentiate between incomitant and comitant squint

Discuss the etiology, clinical features, management and complications of lens induced glaucomas

Discuss WHO classification of xerophthalmia

Describe the signs, symptoms and management of acute congestive glaucoma.

Define and describe the clinical features and management of complicated cataract.

Acquired Dacryocystitis

Allergic conjunctivitis

Classify glaucoma. Describe the clinical features, investigations and management of primary open angle glaucoma.

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Optical and surgical correction of myopia

Discuss the etiology, clinical features, management and complications of acute iridocyclitis.

Blepharitis

Visual acuity testing.

Which one of the following has the correct sequence of angle structures in the anterior segment of the eye, proceeding from anterior to posterior? a. Corneal endothelium, Scleral spur, Trabecular meshwork, Schwalbe's line, Ciliary recess b. Ciliary recess, Trabecular meshwork, Schwalbe's line, sclera spur, Corneal endothelium c. Corneal endothelium, Schewalbe's line, Trabecular meshwork, Scleral Spur, Ciliary recess d. Ciliary recess, Schwalbe's line, Trabecular meshwork, Scleral Spur, Corneal endothelium

Write a short note on papilloedema

Retinal detachment

Define amblyopia. Discuss the clinical features and management.

Dendritic ulcer

Early complications of cataract surgery

Trichromatic theory of colour vision was proposed by a. Young Helmholtz b. Hering c. Edwin d. Ishihara

Describe the clinical features and management of vernal conjunctivitis.

Signs of herpes simplex keratitis

Myopia – aetiology and management

Etiological and morphological classification of cataract

Management of corneal ulcer

Which ONE of the following extra ocular muscle does NOT originate in the orbital apex ? a. Superior rectus b. Inferior rectus c. Superior Oblique d. Inferior Oblique

Corneal transplantation

Classify anti glaucoma drugs. Discuss the mechanism of action and side effects of each group with examples

Hypertensive retinopathy

Discuss the clinical features and classification of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

School screening programmes

Causes of secondary glaucoma in the eye

Intraocular pressure measurement methods

Mucocele of the lacrimal sac

Complications and sequelae of iridocyclitis

Evisceration is a. Excision of the entire eye ball b. Excision of all the inner contents of the eye ball including the uveal tissue c. Photocoagulation of the Retina d. Removal of Orbit contents

Ocular manifestations of diabetes mellitus

Siderosis bulbi

Discuss the etiology and clinical features of ischemic central retinal vein occlusion

Penetrating injury to the eye

Discuss in brief the treatment options in myopia

Vernal Catarrh

Pupillary pathway

Optic nerve head changes in primary open angle glaucoma

Acute Dacryocystitis

Ocular manifestations of vitamin A deficiency

Staging and management of trachoma

Most common cause of adult unilateral proptosis a. Thyroid Orbitopathy b. Metastasis c. Lymphoma d.- Meningioma

Draw & Label Cross section of the eyeball

Draw & Label Cross — section of eye lid

Draw & Label Spaces of the orbit

Pupillary reflexes

Draw & Label Vertical cross section of the upper eyelid.

Draw & Label Visual field defects in primary open angle glaucoma

Draw & Label Types of corneal vascularization

Draw & Label Schematic diagram of pupillary pathway for light reflex

Corneal edema

Draw & Label Fundus picture of CRAO (central retinal artery occlusion)

Draw & Label Image formation in a myopic eye and after correction with concave lens

Commonest cause of Posterior Staphyloma is: a. Glaucoma b. High Myopia c. Lymphoma d. Meningioma

Phacolytlc glaucoma Is best treated by a. Rstulizlng operation b. Cataract extraction c. Cydodestructlve procedure d. Mlotics and beta blockers

Draw & Label Light reflex pathway(Pupillary reflex pathway)

Draw & Label Visual pathway

Pin hole test

Draw & Label Sturm’s Conoid

Ocular uses of Atropine

Draw & Label Lesions of visual field pathway

Draw & Label Types of intraocular lenses

Blunt trauma to the eye

Draw & Label Fundus picture in retinitis pigmentosa

Management of myopia

Draw & Label Normal fundus picture

A recurrent bilateral conjunctivitis occurring with the onset of hot weather in in young Boys with the symptoms of burning, itching and lacrimation with large flat topped Cobble Stone Papillae raised areas in the Palpebral Conjunctiva is: a. Trachoma b. Phlyctenular Conjunctivitis c. Mucopurulent Conjunctivitis d. Vernal kerato Conjunctivitis

Discuss different types of ptosis

Angular Conjunctivitis

Enumerate the principles of management of rheumatogenous retinal detachment

Maddox rod

Describe the development of the lens

Types of Lasers used in the eye

Eye signs of thyroid orbitopathy

Berlin’s edema

Describe the layers of cornea with the help of a labelled diagram

Chemical injuries

Mention causes of dilated pupil

Stye is inflammation of a. Zeis gland b. Meibomian gland c. Gland of manz d. Lacrimal gland

Bitot spots

Ectropion

Discuss ocular chemical injuries

Homonymous hemianopia is due to lesion at: a. Optic tract b. Optic nerve c. Optic Chiasma d. Retina

Discuss the causes and management of ophthalmia neonatorum.

Clinical features of fungal corneal ulcer

Nd YAG laser

Mention the etiological types of hypermetropia

Clinical classification of retinoblastoma

Proptosis

Presbyopia

Eye bank

Which of the can cause superior quadrantopia a. Temporal lobe tumor b. Frontal lobe tumor c. Pituitary tumor d. Craniopharyngioma

Trichiasis

Adverse effects of steroid eye drops

A one month old baby is brought with Complaints of Photophobia and watering. Clinical diagnosis examination shows normal tear passages and a clear but large cornea. The most like is a. Congenital Dacryocystitis b. Interstitial Keratitis c. Keratoconus d. Buphthalmos

Discuss the clinical features and management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Sturm’s conoid

Circumcorneal congestion

Lacrimal syringing

Mention four differences between papillitis and papilledema.

Causes of Disc Edema

Stages of corneal ulcer

Papilledema

Causes of painless gradual diminution of vision

Bull's eye maculopathy is seen in toxicity of a. Chloroquine b. Quinine c. Furosemide d. Streptomycin

Horner Tranta spots

Secondary glaucoma

Causes of sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes

Topical Atropine is contraindicated in: A. Retinoscopy in children b. Iridocyclitis c. Primary angle closure glaucoma d. Corneal Ulcer

Discuss central retinal artery occlusion

Difference between paralytic and non paralytic squint

Discuss types and causes of scleritis

Draw and label Cross-section of upper eyelid

Describe the clinical features of keratomycosis

Causes of Ptosis

Sub conjunctival haemorrhage

Staphylomas

Non-healing corneal ulcer

Treatment of pterygium

Which is the common complication of the pathological myopia a. Glaucoma b. Cataract C. Haemorrhage d. Retinal detachment

Draw and label the cross section of the crystalline lens

IOL (intra ocular lens)

Causes of sub conjunctival hemorrhage

The earliest feature of anterior uveitis includes a. Keratic precipitates b. Hypopyon c. Aqueous flare d. Posterior Synechiae

Discuss the clinical features of fungal corneal ulcer.

Draw and label the lacrimal drainage passages

Difference between optic neuritis and papilloedema

Enumerate the indications of keratoplasty with one example for each

Discuss vision 2020

Pilocarpine

Antifungal drugs

Atropine

Vitreous opacities

Maximum contribution to the refractive power of the eye is by a. Anterior surface of the cornea b. Anterior surface of the lens c. Posterior surface of the cornea d. Posterior surface of the lens

Rubeosis Iridis.

Lagophthalmos

Clinical features and management of vitamin A deficiency

Double vision or Diplopia occurs in: a. Scleritis b. Glaucoma c. Amblyopia d. Paralytic Squint

List four causes of vitreous hemorrhage

Two causes of night blindness

Two causes of cherry red spot

Enumerate the grades of binocular vision

Two causes of gradual painless loss of vision

The classical CT scan feature of thyrotoxicosis is a. Thickening of the muscle bellies with sparing of the tendons b. Diffuse swelling of the muscle belly and tendon c. Thickening of the tendons sparing the bellies d. No involvement of the muscle

Enumerate two causes of cherry red spot in macula".

Two tests to evaluate Epiphora

Two clinical types of ocular injuries

Two causes of nyctalopia

Two effects of blunt injury to the lens

Mention two causes of acquired ptosis

The most common malignancy in the orbital and periorbital region in children is a. Rhabdomyosarcoma b. Melanoma C. Retinoblastoma d. Lymphoma

Two causes of dilated fixed pupil.

Mention two antifungal agents

Enumerate two differential diagnoses for chalazion

The main symptoms of Central retinal artery occlusion is: a. Sudden painless complete loss of vision b. Photopsia followed by loss of vision c. Nasal field defect d. Painful loss of vision

List four causes of night blindness

Two types of tonometers

Mention two tests for dry eye

Enumerate two distinguishing features of incomitant squint

Two types of destructive eye surgeries

Two different corneal stains

Two dyes used in ophthalmology

Enumerate two causes of shallow anterior chamber

Which one of the following is seen in iridocyclitis a. RAPD b. Keratic precipitates c. Disc edema d. Ectopia Lentis

Two cycloplegics

Mention two causes of retinal detachment

Mention two causes of deep anterior chamber

The classification of Ptosis includes all of the following except: a. Neurogenic b. Myogenic c. Aponeurotic d. Pseudoptosis

SAFE strategy

Two types of ophthalmic ultrasound scan

Two causes of unilateral proptosis

Mention two clinical signs of keratoconus

Two causes of foreign body sensation

A 7 months old child was brought by parents to the eye department with history of watering from left eye since birth. It was associated with intermittent discharge. The watering was more when the child had upper respiratory tract infection. What is the most likely diagnosis a. Congenital glaucoma b. Congenital cataract c. Foreign body in the superior conjunctival fornix d. Congenital dacryocystitis

Enumerate two features to differentiate preseptal cellulitis from orbital cellulitis

Two types of pannus

Two types of Amblyopia

Two macular function tests

Two organism that can penetrate intact cornea

Mention two types of Dacryo Cysto Rhinostomy (DCR)

Two types of retinal detachment

Mention two types of lens induced glaucoma

Enumerate two causes for uniocular diplopia

The best treatment for Amblyopia is: a. Orthoptic exercises b. Occlusion C. Surgery d. Best treat after age 10 Years

List the etiological types of myopia

Two causes for follicles in conjunctiva

Two antiglaucoma medications

List four types of congenital cataract •

Two causes for hypopyon

Enumerate two effects of blunt trauma on the iris

Two types of colour vision tests

Two clinical conditions causing Hypopyon

Two causes of ptosis

Enumerate two indications for enucleation

Mention two surgical procedures of pterygium

Mention two causes of bilateral proptosis

Dalen Fuch lesion is seen in: a. Purulent Keratitis b. Epidemic Kerato Conjunctivitis c. Retinoblastoma d Sympathetic Ophthalmitis

Two causes of cherry red spot in retina.

Two causes of leukocoria

Two causes of binocular diplopia

Two types of extracapsular cataract extraction surgeries

Diameter of Optic Disc is: a. 1.5 mm b. 5.5 mm c. 2.5 mm d. 3.5 mm

Two causes of pupillary miosis

Two classes of anti-glaucoma drugs

Two types of corneal degeneration

Two drugs producing toxic optic neuropathy

Choose which statement is FALSE: a. Orbital Cellulitis needs imaging studies such as CT Scan b. Orbital Cellulitis is often associated with Sinusitis c. Subperiosteal abscess often needs surgical drainage d. Preseptal Cellulitis is typically treated with surgical intervention

Two causes of reduced corneal sensation

Two drugs causing mydriasis

Two causes of preventable blindness

Two types of pediatric cataracts

Herpes Simplex Virus can be associated with: a. Conjunctivitis b. Keratitis c. Retinitis d. All of the above.

Two causes of epiphora

Two types of tonometry

Two signs of keratoconus

Two causes of sudden loss of vision.

Two types of Dacryocystorhinostomy

Two types of ultrasonography in eye

Two anti-fungal drugs

Two corneal dystrophies

Mention two mydryatics

Two lacrimal sac surgeries

Two causes of colored haloes

Two causes of proptosis