RGUHS MBBS Physiology January 2026 (5504 CBME)

5504Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences · Physiology · 2026 · January · CBME

Questions (27)

1.Explain the connections and functions of cerebellum. Add a note on clinical symptoms seen in cerebellar lesions.
3 Marks
2.Explain the physiological basis for polyphagia, polydipsia and polyuria in diabetes mellitus.
3 Marks
3.Explain the physiological basis of rigor mortis.
3 Marks
4.Describe the mechanism of Renshaw cell inhibition.
3 Marks
5.How intrauterine devices acts as contraceptive method in females?
3 Marks
6.Explain basis for olfactory adaptation.
5 Marks
7.Draw neuro-muscular junction. Add a note on pathophysiology of myasthenia gravis.
5 Marks
8.Explain the basis of clinical features of Parkinsonism.
5 Marks
9.Explain the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions of cortisol. Add a note on Cushing’s syndrome
5 Marks
10.Describe the thermoregulatory mechanism on exposure to hot environment.
5 Marks
11.Explain the properties of receptors.
5 Marks
12.Explain the functions of middle ear
5 Marks
13.Describe the physiological actions of thyroid hormone.
5 Marks
14.Explain the Pain pathway. Add a note on gate control theory.
5 Marks
15.Describe the changes that occur in the uterine endometrium during the menstrual cycle with the hormonal basis.
5 Marks
16.Name the hormones which affect serum calcium level. Describe their mode of action.
5 Marks
17.Discuss how attitude helps to build rapport with the patient.
5 Marks
18.A 68-year old man presents with sudden onset of difficulty speaking. He can understand what is being said to him., but his speech is slow, effortful and limited to short phrases. He is also experiencing weakness on his right side. 18 (i) What type of aphasia is the above patient suffering from? A. Wernicke’s aphasia B. Brocca’s aphasia C. Global aphasia D. None of the above 18 (ii) What is the Broadmann’s area affected in Wernicke’s aphasia? A. Area 44 B. Area 17 C. Area 22 D. Area 39
19.A 52-year old female comes to gynecology OPD with complaints of flushing of face, restlessness and heat intolerance. She also has vaginal dryness, night sweats and weight gain. 19 (i) what is the probable condition? A. Polycystic ovary syndrome B. Cushing syndrome C. Fibroids D. Postmenopausal syndrome 19 (ii) The first to happen in puberty in female is A. Pubarche B. Thelarche C. Menarche D. Axillary hair
20.A 12-year old girl came with recurrent carpopedal spasms of both hands and feet since 2 months. Her BP is normal, but Trousseau’s sign is positive. On testing she has hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase. 20 (i) What is the probable condition? A. Hyperthyroidism B. Diabetes mellitus C. Hypocalcemic tetany D. Acute pancreatitis 20 (ii) Which of the following hormones does not regulate serum calcium level? A. PTH B. Calcitonin C. Adrenaline D. 1, 25 - dihydroxy cholecalciferol
21.A metal factory worker suffers from noise induced hearing loss. 21 (i) Which of the following structure are affected? A. Crista ampullaris B. Macula C. Cupola D. Outer hair cells 21 (ii) The depolarization of hair cells is due to influx of: A. Sodium ion B. Potassium ion C. Calcium ion D. Magnesium ion
22.A lady comes to OPD with complaints of decreased night vision. She also has dry skin. On examination her conjunctiva is dry and there is a small, foamy grayish patch on it 22 (i) What is the probable condition? A. Vitamin B12 deficiency B. Vitamin A deficiency C. Vitamin C deficiency D. Vitamin B6 deficiency 22 (ii) Which visual pigment is deficient in this condition A. Iodopsin B. Rhodopsin C. Melanin D. Opsin
23.A 6-month old child was brought by his parents with complaints of empty scrotal sac. He was only 1.8 kg at birth and had empty scrotal sac at that time also. The doctor that time assured them to wait for 4 months and asked to report back if the problem continues 23 (i) What is the probable condition? A. Varicocele B. Cryptorchidism C. Inguinal hernia D. Torsion of testis 23 (ii) Sertoli cells secrete A. Testosterone B. FSH C. Androstenedione D. Inhibin
24.A 30-year old man comes to the emergency with complaints of vomiting, weakness and burning pain in his chest. On examination his vitals were normal. On endoscopy, a diagnosis of achalasia cardia was given. He was treated with botulinum injection 24 (i) Botulinum was injected at lower esophageal sphincter (LES) because: A. Of its stimulatory effect at LES B. Of its paralytic effect C. Increased vesicle release from presynaptic neuron D. Increased calcium influx 24 (ii) All of the following are true for presynaptic nerve terminal EXCEPT: A. It loses its myelin sheath B. The vesicles cluster around active zones C. Contains plenty of mitochondria D. Has numerous voltage gated Na+ channels
25.A 40-year old man came to OPD with complaints of headache, excessive sweating, sleep apnea and slight changes in his jaw and forehead. He also tells you his feet and hands have become big and his vision has become blurry. On examination a mass was found in his sella area of brain. 25 (i) What is the probable diagnosis? A. Pituitary dwarfism B. Acromegaly C. Cretinism D. Gigantism 25 (ii) The hormone responsible for above condition can be A. Glucocorticoids B. Vasopressin C. Growth hormone D. Thyroid hormone
26.A patient presents with muscle weakness and fatigue, especially after exercise. Blood test reveal low potassium levels. 26 (i) Which of the following is the most likely cause of muscle weakness and fatigue in a patient with low potassium levels? A. Increased muscle fiber diameter B. Impaired action potential propagation C. Increased muscle glycogen storage D. Enhanced muscle protein synthesis 26 (ii) What is the role of sodium - potassium pump in muscle cells? A. To generate ATP for muscle contraction B. To maintain the proper ion gradients across the cell membrane C. To synthesize muscle proteins D. To convert glucose to lactate
27.A 35-year old man came to the OPD with complaints of feeling extremely thirsty, even after taking adequate amount of fluid whole day. He said frequency of urination has increased, and often gets up at night to urinate 27 (i) What is the most likely diagnosis based on patient’s symptoms? A. Diabetes mellitus B. Addison’s disease C. Diabetes insipidus D. Cushing syndrome 27 (ii) Strongest stimulator for ADH secretion is: A. Hyperosmolarity B. Hyponatremia C. Hypotension D. Hypovolemia

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