Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of SurgeryPathology Previous Year Question Papers

Stages of E.S.R

Bence-Jones protein

Prognostic factors in breast cancer.

Red cell indices

CSF findings in Pyogenic meningitis

Blood transfusion reaction

Pheochromocytoma.

Indications for bone marrow aspiration

Cholelithiasis.

Mention types of renal stones.

Enumerate the causes of thrombocytopenia.

Carcinoid tumor

Differences in CSF findings between pyogenic and Tuberculous meningitis

Morphology of caseous necrosis

Classification of cirrhosis of liver

Draw labelled diagram of fatty liver.

Sputum findings in Bronchial asthma.

Discuss any two tests for proteinuria.

Classify gall stones

Name three endogenous pigments

Labelled microscopic diagram of Osteoclastoma

Arthus reaction.

Microscopic picture of Malignant Melanoma.

Malignant Nephrosclerosis.

Gout

List any three tumour suppressor genes.

Carcinoid syndrome.

Cytochemical stains used in Acute leukemia.

Blood transfusion transmitted diseases.

Multicystic renal dysplasia

Fate of primary tuberculosis

Paget’s disease of nipple.

Write a note on Glioblastoma multiforme

Microscopic findings of Hashimotos thyroiditis with labelled diagram.

Name four brain tumors

Acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Virchow’s triad

Name three complications of Falciparum malaria.

List three autosomal dominat disorders.

Microscopy of neuroblastoma.

Write three morphological features of urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder

Define and classify necrosis.

Tumour markers of carcinoma breast.

Peripheral smear and bone marrow findings in Aplastic anemia

Stains for amyloidosis.

Morphological forms of Bronchiectasis

Three causes of splenomegaly.

What is exfoliative cytology?

Qualitative platelet defects.

Menton three conditions associated with Helicobacter pylori.

Barr body

Name three causes of massive splenomegaly

Morphology of myocardial infarction

Components of Virchow’s triad

Patent ductus arteriosus

Advantages of FNAC

Give suitable examples for type II hypersensitivity reaction

Microscopic features of Granulosa cell tumor of ovary.

Morphology of Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma

Describe the morphology of Basal cell carcinoma of skin

Enumerate risk factors for Pneumoconiosis.

Morphology of pleomorphic adenoma.

Tuberculoid leprosy.

Three stains used to demonstrate Fat.

Mention six childhood tumors.

Name the tumors caused by Epstein-Barr virus

Psammoma bodies.

Mention three causes of metastatic calcification.

Name two fixatives and two stains used in cytology

Packed cell volume.

Morphology of cystic teratoma of ovary

Three types of renal cell carcinoma.

Name three indications of bone marrow examination

Simple cystic hyperplasia of Endometrium.

Enumerate the Romanoswsky group of stains

Morphology of chronic cholecystitis

Philadelphia chromosome

Risk factors of carcinoma breast

Auto antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus

Consequenses and complications of myocardial infarction

Morphological pattern of pericarditis.

Barr bodies.

Definition and morphology of Leukoplakia.

Three important prognostic factors of breast carcinoma

Causes for Fatty liver.

Three causes for massive spleenomegaly.

Name three conditions with raised ESR

Name three health hazards of chronic alcoholism.

List three causes of increased ESR.

Anticoagulants used for coagulation studies

Cerebral malaria.

Pagets disease of Bone.

List three anticoagulants.

Morphology of basal cell carcinoma.

Enumerate the glial neoplasms of brain

Name the transfusion transmitted diseases

Define granuloma and draw a neat diagram.

Complications of atherosclerosis.

Enumerate the conditions that cause COPD.

Three central nervous system tumours.

What are the six causes of proteinuria?

Enumerate the blood products available for transfusion.

Morphology of Ewings sarcoma.

List the causes of neutrophilia.

Give three examples of surface epithelial tumours of ovary

Histopathologic types of carcinoma lung

Microscopy of pleomorphic adenoma

Features of anaplasia

Hyaline membrane disease

Microscopy of malignant melanoma

Indication for semen analysis

Principle of estimation of hemoglobin by Cyanmethemoglobin method

Cervical carcinoma in situ

Cardiac vegetations

Microscopic findings in papillary carcinoma thyroid.

Causes of hydronephrosis

Define chemotaxis. Name two chemotactic agents

Primary wound healing

Name the pre blood transfusion screening tests done in Blood Bank.

List three cell cycle regulators.

Mention the different methods of hemoglobin estimation.

Barretts esophagus.

Aneurysmal bone cyst.

Warthin’s tumour

Name three indications for bone marrow aspiration

Pleomorphic adenoma.

Gynecomastia

Chocolate cyst.

Cross matching of blood

List six examples for metaplasia

Microscopy of squamous cell carcinoma of skin.

Methods of estimation of PCV

What is nephrotic syndrome? Name the commonest cause in children

What are Supra vital stains? Give examples

Renal lesions in diabetes mellitus

Define microalbuminuria and what is its significance?

Morphology of iodine deficiency goiter

Cushing’s syndrome

Anticoagulants used in hematology lab

Microscopic features of squamous cell carcinoma.

Name the causes of increased and decreased ESR

Describe the morphology of pleomorphic adenoma

Name three complications of portal hypertension.

Teratoma ovary.

Morphological types of Hodgkins lymphoma.

What is Bence Jones protein and its cause in urine.

List three components of Virchow’s triad.

List the causes of hematuria.

Chemokines.

Gross features of Seminoma.

Sago spleen.

Oligodendroglioma.

Diabetic kidney

Urinary cast

Microscopic features of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

Liver abscess

Amyloid spleen.

Write about any three red blood indices

Labelled microscopic diagram of Hodgkins lymphoma.

Direct Coombs test

Microscopy of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Name four causes of cirrhosis liver

Labelled microscopic diagram of osteosarcoma

Name the most commonly used anticoagulants in hematology

Microscopy of amoebic colitis

Causes for leucopenia

Morphology of Giant cell tumor of bone

Describe the morphology of Bronchiectasis

Microscopic findings in Crohn’s disease.

Name the pigmented lesions of the skin

Auer rods.

Peripheral smear findings in accelerated phase of chronic myeloid leukemia

Name three Arachidonic acid metabolites.

Mention three haemoparasite.

Bence jones proteins

Dystrophic Calcification.

Microscopic picture of Pleomorphic adenoma of salivary gland.

Mention cardinal signs of inflammation.

Microscopic picture of Adenomyosis.

List the complications associated with lung cancer

What is Frozen section? Mention its advantages

CSF findings in tubercular meningitis.

Microscopic appearance of Papillary carcinoma thyroid

Tophi

Enumerate the types of necrosis with examples

Draw a labelled diagram of an example of acute inflammation.

Name three causes for massive splenomegaly.

Anticoagulants used for ESR estimation

Enumerate the stages of pneumonia

CSF examination in viral meningitis

Complications of Lobar pneumonia

Morphology of alcoholic liver disease

Microscopy of osteoclastoma.

Name the fixatives used in histopathology and cytology

List the types of Gall stone and write three complications

Biochemical markers available for Myocardial Infarction.

Paraneoplastic syndromes of small cell carcinoma of the lung

Microscopic diagrams of malignant melanoma.

Mandatory serological test in screening of blood donors

Define infarction with four example.

Mention Six screening tests for blood donation.

Enumerate the conditions of raised ESR.

Three causes of target cells in peripheral smear.

Verocay bodies.

Mention three hemoparasites.

Pleomorphic adenoma of salivary glands

Types of Reed Sternberg Cells

L.E Cell

Draw peripheral smear picture of Megaloblastic anaemia.

Microscopic features of Osteosarcoma.

Precancerous conditions of GIT

Three precancerous lesions of skin.

What is ESR? Enumerate four causes of increase ESR

List the causes associated with variation in urine specific gravity

Being prostatic hyperplasia.

Principle of Sickling test

Microscopy of atherosclerosis

M protein in multiple myeloma

Morphology of papillary carcinoma thyroid

Labelled microscopic diagram of Schwannoma

Indications for FNAC and its pitfalls

Pyogenic meningitis

Tuberculous Osteomyelitis

Pernicious anemia

Enzyme levels in acute myocardial infarction.

Causes and morphology of Nutmeg liver

Renal complications of diabetes mellitus

Labelled microscopic diagram of Warthin’s tumor.

Paget disease of breast

Three microscopic subtypes of Osteosarcoma.

Causes of proteinuria.

Immediate complications of blood transfusion

Three beneficial effects of Edema and why?

Mention three causes of Neutropenia.

Uses of Buffy coat

Enumerate neoplasms found in patients with HIV infection.

Mention three causes of increased ESR.

Name three thyroid malignancies.

Complications of cirrhosis

Principle of benedicts test and its advantages

Causes of Thrombocytopenia.

Phyllodes tumor.

Contracted kidney

List the manifestations of syphilis.

Complications of Brain tumor.

Name special stains for Amyloid.

Fibroadenoma of breast

Define Paraneoplastic syndromes with examples

Precancerous lesions of esophagus

Name the conditions where reticulocyte count increases

Pagets disease of bone – morphology

Systemic causes for delayed wound healing

Type II Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome

Mention two uses of trisodium citrate as an anticoagulant in hematology.

Describe the morphology of Phyllodes tumour of breast

Morphological types of Cardiomyopathies.

Hazards of ultraviolet rays radiation.

Mention three indications for bone marrow aspiration.

Name the available blood components

Mention three common opportunistic infections in AIDS.

Bowens disease

List three gestational trophoblastic diseases.

Laboratory diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia

Causes of increased and decreased specific gravity of urine

Morphology of Lobar Pneumonia

Microscopy of seminoma

Retinoblastoma

Uses of packed cell volume

LE cell

Osteitis fibrosa cystica

Complications of Bronchogenic carcinoma.

Indication for bone marrow aspiration and why?

List the crystals found in acidic urine.

Three disadvantages of Sahli’s Hb estimation

Name the tumors of the lung.

Microscopy of papillary carcinoma thyroid.

Urinometer

Microscopic diagram of Adenocarcinoma of colon.

Renal function tests.

Gross and microscopy of hepatocellular carcinoma

Define Metaplasia with examples

Enumerate the conditions where PCV is altered.

Differences between nephritic and nephrotic syndrome

Von Recklinghausen’s disease

Mention the tests done in routine urine examination.

Cryptorchidism and its complications

Classify lung tumors. Describe etiopathogenesis, morphology of Bronchogenic carcinoma.

Define Cirrhosis. Classify and describe the pathology and complications of alcoholic liver cirrhosis.

A 45 year old Male presented with few episodes of hematemesis. History revealed heavy alcohol consumption for the past 10 years. Clinical examination shows ascites and spleenomegaly. a) What is the probable diagnosis and why? b) Describe in detail about etiopathogenesis and its complications.

60 year old male presented with complaints of pedal edema and exertional dyspnoea. On investigation his Hemoglobin was 3.5 g/dl and he had raised brain natriuretic peptide. Blood pressure was 90/50 mm of Hg and heart rate was 60 bpm. He is not a diabetic or hypertensive. He was diagnosed with congestive heart failure. a) List the types of edema b) Identify the type of edema in the above clinical history c) Describe the pathophysiology, clinical features and consequences of this condition

A 12 year boy presented with sudden onset of fever and vomiting with abdominal pain. On palpation there is tenderness at MC Burney’s point a) What is the probable diagnosis? b) Define inflammation? Enumerate cellular events of inflammation c) Outcomes of acute inflammation

Classify shock. Discuss in detail the etiopathogenesis of septic shock.

Define inflammation. Mention the types of inflammation and describe the vascular events in inflammation.

Describe the pathogenesis, pathology of Leprosy. Add a note on the laboratory diagnosis.

65 year old male, known case of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary hypertension is brought to the emergency department with decreased urine output and altered sensorium. On examination pulse is 123 beats/min, BP- 96/60 mmhg, RR-28cycles/min with cold extremities. a. What is the probable clinical diagnosis? b. Discuss the pathogenesis and various organ changes. c. Enumerate the laboratory findings.

40 year police constable gives history of epigastric pain and it is relieved after eating certain food, for the last six months. Now he is presenting with dark coloured stools. a) What is your diagnosis? b) Describe the etiology, pathogenesis and microscopic feature of this condition c) Write its complications

Define thrombosis. Discuss Virchow’s triad and enlist the fate of thrombus.

A 50 year male with history of chronic alcohol consumption, presented with distended abdomen. Ultrasound scan show reduced size of liver a) What is your diagnosis? b) Describe the pathogenesis and progression of this condition c) Complications of this condition

A middle-aged female presented with migratory polyarthritis, weak heart sound, tachycardia, pericardial friction rub following recurrent attacks of Pharyngitis. a) What is your diagnosis? b) Describe the pathophysiology and morphology of this condition. c) List the complications associated with this condition

a) Define Necrosis b) Describe the various types of necrosis with suitable examples c) How does it differ from Apoptosis?

10 year old male presented with pain abdomen, fever and vomiting of one day duration. On examination there is tenderness over Mcburney’s point. Ultrasound examination of the abdomen showed evidence of dilated appendix. a) What type of inflammation is seen in this condition? b) Discuss the cellular events occurring in this condition c) List the chemical mediators that facilitate the cellular events

50 year female presented with lump breast on the right side. On examination the lump measured 5 cm in size with restricted mobility. There was nipple retraction with axillary lymphadenopathy. a) What is the probable diagnosis? b) Write the classification, morphology and microscopy of the lesion c) Write the prognostic markers of the lesion.

Discuss the etiology, pathology and complications of Nephrotic syndrome.

Describe the pathogenesis, gross, microscopy and complications of gastric ulcer.

Define thrombosis. Explain in detail about pathogenesis of thrombosis. Add a note on fate of thrombus

30-year female admitted to emergency with high grade fever, hypotension, weak, rapid pulse, tachypnea and cold, clammy, cyanotic skin. Blood culture showed gram negative bacteria. She succumbed due to dysfunction in multiple organs. a) What is the likely diagnosis? b) Discuss the etiopathogenesis of this condition. c) Describe the morphology of organs involved.

20 year female was admitted with high grade fever and hypotension. Blood culture showed gram negative bacteria. She died due to multi-organ failure. a) What is the diagnosis? b) Discuss the etiopathogenesis of the condition c) Describe the morphological changes of lung and kidney in this disease

A 65 year old female, presented with bloody discharge from nipple and palpable lump 3x2cm. Mammogram revealed complex lesion with calcification. a. What is the probable diagnosis and why? b. Describe etiopathology of this condition. c. Mention various histological subtypes of this disease.

Define Shock. Enumerate the types of shock and discuss in detail the pathogenesis of Septic Shock.

70 year old male, complaints of loss of appetite and weight loss since 6 months. Clinical examination revealed a mass palpable in the epigastric region. Upper GI endoscopy showed an ulceroproliferative growth in lesser curvature of stomach a) What is your diagnosis? b) Describe etiopathogenesis and morphology of this condition

Describe the etiopathogenesis and lab diagnosis of megaloblastic anemia

a) Classify Bone tumors b) Discuss the pathogenesis and clinicopathologic features of osteosarcoma

60 year old chronic alcoholic reports to emergency room with one bout of hematemesis. On examination the patient is drowsy and not oriented. Icterus is present. Per abdominal examination reveals Ascites. a) What is your diagnosis? b) Describe the gross and microscopy of the organ involved c) List the complications of the above condition

Define Apoptosis. Describe morphological features and mechanism of Apoptosis.

Classify ovarian neoplasms. Describe serous tumors of ovary in detail.

40 year old farmer admitted to the hospital with high fever. He gives history of an injury to his left leg resulting in an ulcer 15 days ago. On examination his pulse is 110/min, blood pressure is 70/50 mmHg a) What is your diagnosis? b) Describe the stages of this condition c) Discuss the pathophysiology of the above condition

Describe the etiopathogenesis and morphological features of colorectal carcinoma

Describe the etiopathogenesis, morphological changes and lab diagnosis of AIDS

50 year male admitted with complaints of epigastic pain with nausea and vomiting. Pain is relived after food or by ingestion of alkali. a) What is your diagnosis? b) Describe the etiopathogenesis of the condition c) Describe the gross and microscopy of the lesion

Define neoplasia. Differences between benign and malignant tumors. Add a note on chemical Carcinogens.

Describe the etiopathogenesis and morphology of Carcinoma Stomach.

A 55 year old male patient presented with retrosternal pain radiating to left arm, dyspnoea and sweating of sudden onset. Patient is a known smoker for the last 20 years a) What is the provisional diagnosis? b) Write in detail about the morphological changes of the organ involved c) Write the biochemical markers indicative of the condition d) Mention the complications of the disease

A 45 year old multiparous female, presented with complication of post-coital bleeding and foul smelling white discharge per vagina. On per speculum examination growth bleeds on touch noted. a. What is the probable diagnosis and why? b. Discuss the risk factors and etiopathogenesis. c. Add a note on screening test for the above condition.

Describe the etiopathogenesis, pathology and complications of Gastric carcinoma.

Describe etiopathogenesis of Nephritic Syndrome. Explain the morphological features and complications of post infectious Glomerulonephritis.

30 year old male on pure vegetarian diet presents with restlessness, fatigue, dizziness, tingling and numbness in his legs. On routine blood evaluation his hemoglobin was found to be 7gms/dl and MCV of 110 fl. Patient was also found to have reticulocytopenia a. What is the most probable diagnosis? b. Describe the etiology, pathogenesis, peripheral smear and bone marrow findings of Megaloblastic anemia.

A 20 year male patient presented with swelling of both knees and pain for the past one week. He gives history of similar episodes earlier. He also gives history of excessive bleeding after minor injuries. His maternal uncle has similar complaints and has been treated by repeated blood transfusions following excessive bleeding episodes a) What are the probable differential diagnosis? b) What are the laboratory investigations required for the diagnosis? c) What is the etiopathogenesis of these disorders? d) How will you make the final specific diagnosis?

Classify acute leukemia. Discuss acute myeloid leukemia and its sub types.

Enumerate the causes of thrombocytopenia and discuss the pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic Purpura.

Describe the laboratory diagnosis of Acute myeloid leukemia.

28 year old female presented with history of menorrhagia. She gives history of fever 15days back. On examination pallor and petechiae present. No splenomegaly. CBC reveals Hemoglobin- 7.6 gm/dl, WBC count- 6000 cells/cumm, Platelet- 28,000/cumm. a. What is the clinical diagnosis and why? b. Discuss the etiopathogenesis of the above condition c. Enumerate the lab findings investigations

60 year female presented with right flank pain and weight loss with fatigue for 3 month duration. Ultrasound scan shows renal mass in the upper pole measuring 4.3 x 4 cm. urine microscopy of the patient shows plenty of RBCs. a) What is your diagnosis? b) Describe the pathogenesis and microscopic variants of the disease c) Add a note on spread of this disease

Define Neoplasia. Discuss chemical carcinogenesis in detail.

A chronic smoker with history of exertional dyspnoea and weight loss, died of road accident. On autopsy his both lungs is voluminous with rib markings on its surface. a) What is your diagnosis? b) Describe its different types c) What are its complications

A 50-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with hard lump of 8x8 cm in the lower outer quadrant of left breast. Fine needle aspiration cytology showed groups and clusters of ductal epithelial cells with cellular and nuclear atypia. a) What is your diagnosis? b) Discuss the morphology and list the types of the above condition. c) Enumerate the prognostic factors of the disease.

a) Define Anemia b) Classify anemias according to aetiology c) Discuss the morphology and lab diagnosis of Iron deficiency anemia

13 year old male has sudden onset of severe abdominal pain and cramping accompanied by chest pain, non productive cough, pain in the bones of the hand and fever. Physical examination revealed that his temperature is 39C and pulse rate is 110/min. He has diffuse abdominal tenderness and spleenomegaly. Lab studies show haematocrit of 18% and peripheral smear showed sickle shaped cells. X ray chest showed bilateral pulmonary infiltrates a) Discuss the pathogenesis of the sudden onset symptoms in the child b) Discuss the laboratory investigations relevant to the history provided

35 year old female presents with history of breathlessness and palpitations on exertion since 6 months. Past history recurrent sore throat during childhood. On examination a mild diastolic murmur in the mitral area. a) What is the diagnosis? b) Discuss the etiopathogenesis of the condition c) Describe the morphologic features of the organ involved

Describe the etiopathogenesis, morphology and complications of Infective endocarditis.

Classify ovarian tumours. Describe the gross and microscopy of mature cystic teratoma of ovary.

Define Apoptosis and give examples. Describe the mechanism of apoptosis

30-year male vegetarian and chronic gastritis patient was evaluated for the pallor, paresthesia of extremities. a) What is the type of anemia? b) Discuss the etiopathogenesis and pathology associated with this condition c) Add a note on laboratory investigations in the work up of this patient.

45 year old female presents to OPD with easy fatigability and breathlessness from two months. She complains of menorrhagia since 6 months. On examination she has pallor and koilonychia a) What is your diagnosis? b) Describe the pheripheral smear and bone marrow findings in this case c) Discuss RBC indices with reference to this case

Describe etiopathogenesis of Coronary Atherosclerosis. Explain morphology of heart in Myocardial Infarction.

Define anemia. Classify anemia. Write in detail about megaloblastic anemia.

What is myocardial infarction? Discuss the etiopathogenesis with morphology. Add note on laboratory diagnosis

Describe the cellular and vascular events in acute inflammation

a) Discuss the aetiopathogenesis of carcinoma colon b) Mention the significance of familiar Adenomatous polyposis c) Discuss the morphology of carcinoma rectum

55 year old male presented history of chest pain of acute onset. Pain radiating to left shoulder and arm. ECG shows ST segment, elevation and T wave inversion. a) What is your diagnosis? b) Describe the etiopathogenesis of this condition c) What are the immediate complications?

Classify Hemolytic anemias. Discuss Sickle cell anemia.

Write the diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus. Classify diabetes mellitus. Describe the pathogenesis for type II DM.

3 years old female child admitted to paediatric ward with long history of pallor and passing high coloured urine. There is a history of consanguineous marriage among parents. On examination child has pallor, stunted growth, icterus and enlarged spleen. a) What is your diagnosis? b) Describe the molecular pathogenesis of this condition c) Discuss the lab diagnosis of the above condition

Classification and microscopic features of acute glomerulonephritis

Define Necrosis. Describe the different types of necrosis in detail

5 year old male child complaints of facial puffiness and swelling of lower limbs. Urine examination is positive for protein. a) What is your diagnosis? b) Discuss the etiopathogenesis in this condition c) Discuss the urinary and biochemical characteristics of this condition

Define Leukemia. Write a note on FAB classification of acute myeloid Leukemias. Add a note on acute myeloid leukemia.

Describe the macroscopic and microscopic appearances of Myocardial infract. Briefly discuss the laboratory diagnosis.

A 60 year old man developed loss of weight, upper abdominal pain, anorexia and hematemesis in the last three months. An endoscopy was done which revealed an exophytic mass in the gastric region. a) What is the probable diagnosis? b) Discuss the etiopathogenesis c) Describe in detail the morphology of the lesion d) Describe the mode of spread

Paraneoplastic syndromes.

papillary carcinoma of thyroid

Schwannoma.

Medulloblastoma.

Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia.

Differences between ulcerative colitis and Crohns disease.

Endometriosis

1. Opportunistic infections in AIDS

Semen analysis

3. Chemical Carcinogenesis.

3. Bronchiectasis.

Seminoma.

Chronic pyelonephritis.

Pathological calcification.

Klinefelter syndrome.

Sickle cell anemia

Basal cell carcinoma.

Coomb’s test.

Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis

1. Differences between necrosis and apoptosis.

Malignant melanoma

Septic shock

Gall stones.

2. Mechanism of metastasis.

Cirrhosis of Liver.

Benign prostastic hyperplasia

Bronchial asthma

Hodgkins Lymphoma

Acute pancreatitis

Type IV hypersensitivity

Type I hypersensitivity.

Pathogenesis of Type I Diabetes Mellitus.

Tumor markers

Rheumatic heart disease

Cryptorchidism

Seminoma Testis

Warthin’s tumor

Endometrial hyperplasia

Classification of Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

Viral carcinogenesis.

Tetralogy of Fallot.

Turner syndrome

Neuroblastoma.

Von Willebrand disease

Aplastic anemia

Astrocytoma.

Prognostic factors of carcinoma breast

Morphology of heart in Rheumatic Heart Disease.

Etiopathogenesis of Bronchial Asthma.

Discuss in brief classification of Leprosy.

Causes of fatty liver.

Describe the various vascular events involved in acute inflammation.

1. Subacute bacterial endocarditis.

Define and discuss pathogenesis of Metaplasia with examples.

1. Microscopic variants of Hodgkins Lymphoma.

1. Squamous intraepithelial lesions of the uterine cervix.

Peptic ulcer disease

Gross and microscopy of myocardial infarction.

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura

Laboratory diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus

1. Microbial carcinogenesis.

Early and late complications of Diabetes Mellitus

Define necrosis and enumerate the types of necrosis with one example each.

Osteogenic sarcoma

1. Tabulate differences between Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis

1. Pathologic calcification

Renal cell carcinoma

1. Classify germ cell tumours of ovary. Write a note on dysgerminoma.

Free radicals in cell injury

1. Describe the etiology and morphology of chronic Pyelonephritis

Difference between Nephrotic versus Nephritic Syndrome.

Pathogenesis and complications of Diabetes Mellitus.

2. Vascular changes in Acute inflammation.

2. Define Amyloidosis? Write the physical and chemical nature of Amyloid and note on special stains

Discuss reversible and irreversible cell injury with example.

Cystic fibrosis

Discuss antibody mediated hypersensitivity with examples.

2. Osteosarcoma.

Endogenous pigments.

2. Gross and microscopic features and Acute post infectious Glomerulo nephritis.

Discuss the gross, microscopy, X ray appearance of Osteoclastoma

2. Enumerate the steps in the investigations of the transfusion reaction.

2. Mature teratoma of ovary.

Silicosis

Criteria for blood donor screening

Glial tumors of brain

2. Discuss pathogenesis and morphology of Bronchiectasis

2. Arachidonic acid metabolites

Etiopathogenesis of atherosclerosis

Physical examination of urine

2. Renal calculi.

Granulomatous inflammation

2. Classify testicular tumours and write about the morphology of Seminoma

Etiopathology of Hepatocellular carcinoma.

Classify germ cell tumors of ovary and describe the morphology of any one.

3. Describe the morphology of different types of infarcts with examples

Discuss chemical carcinogenesis.

Vitamin A deficiency

Infraction

Define Hyperplasia. Briefly discuss the pathogenesis

Chronic venous congestion of Liver.

3. Enumerate etiology and types of cardiomyopathies.

Describe the etiopathogenesis and morphological types of Emphysema

Amyloidosis

3. Define necrosis. Discuss various types of necrosis with examples.

3. Gall bladder calculi.

Causes of acute pancreatitis.

Cellular events of acute inflammation

Describe the sequential steps in cutaneous wound healing.

3. Classification of amyloidosis.

Morphological types of Emphysema.

Mediators of Inflammation

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

ESR

Graves disease

3. Chronic glomerulonephritis

Wound healing by secondary intention. Mention the factors influencing wound healing.

3. Lepromatous leprosy

Define thrombosis and write the fate of thrombosis

Pathogenesis of Amyloidosis

Mechanism of Glomerular injury

3. List the malignant tumours of thyroid and describe papillary carcinoma of thyroid

Ulcerative colitis

Medullary carcinoma of Thyroid.

Discuss different methods of blood grouping.

Peripheral smear and bone marrow findings in megaloblastic anemia

Write the cerebrospinal fluid findings in Pyogenic and Viral Meningitis.

Describe urinary Casts with a neat diagram.

Carcinoma penis.

Histology of Lepromatous leprosy.

Germ cell tumours of Testis.

Describe the pathogenesis and morphological findings in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Pathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Microscopic changes in diabetic nephropathy.

What is a granuloma? Enumerate the types with examples

List the actions of Arachidonic acid metabolites in inflammation.

Fatty liver.

Gaucher disease

CSF finding in bacterial and viral meningitis

Opportunistic infections in HIV infection

Write short notes on Asbestosis.

Discuss the stages in the evolution of Lobar pneumonia and list the complications

Meningioma.

Fibrodenoma of breast.

Morphology of renal cell carcinoma.

Describe different types of cellular adaptations to stress with examples

Laboratory diagnosis in Hemophilia.

List the difference between leukemoid reaction and chronic myeloid leukemia.

Complications of wound healing.

Morphological types of carcinoma cervix.

Describe the etiopathogenesis and complications of Acute Pyelonephritis

Hereditary spherocytosis

Morphology of Meningioma

Difference between reversible and irreversible cell injury

Role of Exfoliative cytology.

Pigments in health and disease

Dysgerminoma.

Define neoplasia and list the differences between benign and malignant tumours.

Morphology of malignant melanoma

Pathology of Vitamin D deficiency

Neonatal hepatitis

Infective endocarditis

Routes of metastasis

Gross and microscopy of cirrhosis of Liver.

Etiology and morphological features of carcinoma cervix

Discuss pathogenesis of Type II Diabetes Mellitus.

Chronic Pyelonephritis (CPN).

Thalassemia major.

Type III hypersensitivity reactions with examples

Name four blood group systems. Discuss briefly Bombay blood group.

Demonstration of Amyloid by special stains.

Pathology and laboratory diagnosis of Hereditary spherocytosis

Lobular carcinoma Breast.

Tabulate the differences between exudate and transudate.

Gross and microscopy of Hydatidiform mole.

Describe the morphology of acute and chronic hepatitis. Add a note on outcome of chronic hepatitis

Oncogenes

Serum markers in viral hepatitis

Classification of ovarian tumors.

Coal workers pneumoconiosis.

Microscopy of Tuberculoid and Lepromatous leprosy.

Mechanism of invasion and metastasis.

Haemophilia

Papillary thyroid carcinoma

Transplant Rejection

Warthins tumor

Pneumoconiosis

Etiology and pathogenesis of pyogenic osteomyelitis

Histological subtypes of Osteogenic sarcoma.

Barrett’s esophagus

Pathogenesis and morphology of Hashimotos thyroiditis.

Discuss various stains for amyloid.

Define and classify anaemia according to aetiology

Vascular events in acute inflammation.

Tabulate the difference between leukemoid reaction and chronic myeloid leukemia.

Chemotaxis

Hashimotos thyroiditis.

Peripheral blood findings in Iron deficiency anemia.

Benign fibroepithelial neoplasms of Breast.

Chemical mediators of inflammation

Etiopathogenesis of Septic shock.

Paget disease of bone

Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Opportunistic infection associated with AIDS.

Multiple myeloma

Morphology of Osteosarcoma.

Pathogenesis of Syphilis

Vitamin D deficiency

Emphysema – types and morphology

What is ESR? What are the factors influencing ESR?

Phylloides tumor

Fracture healing

Wilm’s tumor.

Write a note on Leukemoid reaction.

Pathogenesis and pathology of Hashimoto thyroiditis

Discuss the etiology, serum markers and outcome of chronic active hepatitis

Explain various cardiac vegetations with diagram.

Describe the modes of spread of malignant neoplasms with examples

Discuss sickle cell anemia.

Indications of Bone marrow aspiration

Role of p53 in carcinogenesis.

Classify CNS tumors.

Pathogenesis of simple and multinodular goiter.

Kleinfelter syndrome

Define hypertrophy. Discuss the types of hypertrophy with their mechanism.

Aneurysms.

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Discuss the pathophysiology of sickle cell anemia.

Describe the wound healing by primary intention.

Peripheral blood picture and laboratory findings in Iron deficiency anemia.

What is cirrhosis of liver? Describe morphology

Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis

Aortic dissection

Acute tubular necrosis

Discuss phagocytosis

Blood picture and bone marrow picture in chronic myeloid leukemia

Polyps of large intestine.

Types and morphology of Renal cell carcinoma

Premalignant conditions of the skin

Morphology of Osteomyelitis.

CSF findings in viral meningitis.

Casts in urine

Melanoma.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Squamous cell carcinoma of skin

Gastric carcinoma – morphology

Osteoarthritis

Discuss various hemoparasites. Add a note on complication of malaria

Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid arthritis

Describe features of Hodgkins lymphoma in gross and microscopy.

Classify bone tumors.

Discuss etiopathogenesis of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Complications of Blood transfusion.

Vit ‘A’ deficiency.

Hemophilia A

Hemophilia B

Discuss the etiology and pathogenesis of Hyperthyroidism.

Factors affecting the wound healing.

Pathogenesis of type II diabetes mellitus with late complications

Discuss urine microscopic findings under the following subheads. a) Crystals b) Cast c) Micro organisms

Carcinoma cervix – aetiopathogenesis and morphology

Red cell indices and their normal values

Differences between Tuberculoid and Lepromatous leprosy

Classification of Germ cell tumors of testis.

Barrett’s esophagus predisposes to the development of A. Reflux esophagitis B. Squamous cell carcinoma C. Esophageal varices D. Adenocarcinoma

The most aggressive ovarian germ cell tumor is A. Malignant teratoma B. Embryonal carcinoma C. Endodermal sinus tumor D. Dysgerminoma

ESR is markedly raised in A. Multiple myeloma B. Malaria C. Acute myeloblastic leukemia D. Haemophilia

Vasoactive amines play an important role in vascular events of inflammation. Histamine causes all EXCEPT A. Smooth muscle contraction B. Decreased vascular permeability C. Increased permeability D. Increased secretions

Which of the following pigment’s presence is a telltale sign of free radical injury A. Lipofuscin B. Melanin C. Bilirubin D. Hematin

All of the following are powerful antioxidant EXCEPT A. Superoxide dismutase B. Ceruloplasmin C. Transferin D. Nitric oxide synthase

Struma ovarii means A. Germ cell tumour of ovary B. Ovarian malformation C. Endometriosis of ovary D. Krukenberg tumour

Causes of Hypercalcemia A. Graves disease B. Primary hyper parathyroisism C. Carcinoid D. Medullary carcinoma

Which of the following is most reliable feature of malignant transformation of pheochromocytoma? A. Presence of mitotic figures B. Presence of metastasis to other organs C. Vascular/ capsular invasion D. All of the above

All are chemical mediators of acute inflammation EXCEPT A. Histamine B. Prostaglandin C. Leukotrienes D. Progesterone

Regarding melanoma all are true EXCEPT A. Radial growth pattern B. Pleomorphic tumor cells C. Breslow depth is a important prognostic features. D. BRAF mutation testing is not recommended for patient with stage III – IV melanoma.

Which of the following is DNA repair defect? A. Retinoblastoma B. Neurofibromatosis C. Xeroderma pigmentosum D. MEN-I

Venous emboli most often lodge in A. Intestine B. Lungs C. Kidney D. Heart

Atherosclerosis is predominantly a disease of A. Intima B. Media C. Adventitia D. Entire wall

All of the following are special stains for fat EXCEPT A. Sudan dyes B. PAS C. Osmic acid D. Oil Red O

All are true about Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma EXCEPT A. Epitaxis B. Highly vascular tumor C. Adolescent male D. Malignant tumor

Ferruginous bodies are seen in A. Silicosis B. Byssinosis C. Asbestosis D. Bagassosis

Which of the following is an example for labile cells A. Bone marrow B. Hepatocytes C. Neurons D. Fibroblasts

Diapedesis is A. Movement of leucocytes in the extra vascular compartment B. Immigration of the leucocytes through the vessel wall at the site of inflammation C. Aggregation of lymphocytes at the site of bleeding D. Autodigestion of the cells

Prolonged production of Acute phase proteins in chronic infection can cause A. Amyloidosis B. SLE C. Myocardial infarction D. Rheumatoid arthritis

Glomus tumor A. Salivary gland tumour B. Benign mesenchymal neoplasms in subungual region C. Renal tumour D. Ovarian tumour

Mucin seen in A. Lobular carcinoma breast B. Comedo carcinoma breast C. Colloid carcinoma breast D. Fibrocystic disease breast

A pediatrician performing an ophthalmoscopic examination on a four-year-old boy, notices several small pigmented nodules in his irises. He also notices six light brown macules on the trunk of the child of variable sizes. This boy may have a propensity to develop tumors in which of the following structures? A. Bladder B. Colon C. Peripheral nerve D. Skin

50 year old male presents with breathlessness and weight loss. Imaging revealed nodular lesion in the left lung lower lobe. Biopsy shows an adenocarcinoma. Which of the following is the likely mutation associated with this condition? A. EGFR mutation B. PTEN mutation C. BCL2 mutation D. APC mutation

Type III Hypersensitivity reaction is seen in all EXCEPT A. Post streptococcal Glomerulonephritis B. Good Pasteur’s syndrome C. Systemic lupus erythematosus D. Rheumatoid arthritis

Hepar Lobatum is seen in A. Primary syphilis B. Tertiary syphilis C. Secondary syphilis D. Congenital syphilis

Most common congenital anomaly of heart is A. VSD B. ASD C. PDA D. Tetralogy of fallot

30 year old male on pure vegetarian diet presents with listlessness, tingling and numbness in his limbs. On lab evaluation his bone marrow shows presence of megaloblasts. Megaloblasts can be seen in A. Iron deficiency anaemia B. Haemolytic anaemia C. Vit B12 deficiency anemia D. Hereditary Spherocytosis

Warthin tumor is NOT A. Benign tumor B. Solid and cystic tumor of salivary gland C. Microscopy shows oncocytes and lymphoid follicles D. Most common by seen in young adults

All of the following are true about Adult Polycystic kidney disease EXCEPT A. Autosomal dominant inheritance B. Hypertension is rare C. Can be associated with cysts in liver, lungs and pancreas D. Pyelonephritis common

Caspases are involved in A. Acute inflammation B. Chronic inflammation C. Apoptosis D. Regeneration

Which of the following organs are heart failure cells seen in A. Myocardium B. Lungs C. Liver D. Spleen

A decrease in organ size(atrophy) may be result of each of the following EXCEPT A. Lack of innervation B. Ageing C. Metabolic storage disorder D. Reduction of hormone stimulation

Gynecomastia A. Enlargement of male breast B. Abnormal breast in female C. Fat necrosis of breast D. Ectopic breast tissue

Granulomas seen in all EXCEPT A. Tuberculosis B. Crohn’s disease C. Ulcerative colitis D. Sarcoidosis

Paget’s disease of the bone is also called A. Osteitis deformans B. Brittle bone disease C. Fibrous dysplasia D. Osteomalacia

Ghon’s complex comprises of which one of the following A. Hilar lymphadenopathy B. Apical fibrocavitatory lesion C. Miliary lesions across bilateral lungs D. Progressive primary lesions

The most common site for hydatid cyst is A. Liver B. Spleen C. Lung D. Brain

Nut meg liver is seen in all conditions EXCEPT A. Hepatic venous congestion. B. Right heart failure C. Budd chiari syndrome D. Reye’s syndrome

Mucormycosis is caused by A. Fungus B. Anaerobic bacteria C. Gram negative bacteria D. Acid fast bacteria

Serum Ig E levels are elevated in all EXCEPT A. Intrinsic bronchial asthma B. Extrinsic bronchial asthma C. Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis D. Tuberculosis of lungs

The DNA Oncogenic virus implicated in cervical carcinogenesis is A. Human papilloma virus B. Herpes virus C. POX virus D. Hepatitis B virus

All are true about Chronic gastritis EXCEPT A. H pylori infection B. Antral gastritis C. Risk of lymphoma D. Good appetite

Lymphoid aggregates is seen in which parotid tumour A. Pleomorphic adenoma B. Warthins tumour C. Adenoid cystic carcinoma D. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

24 year old male sustains multiple fratures of long bone in a road traffic accident. Which of the following stains is used to detect fat embolism A. Oil-red-O B. Best carmine C. PAS D. Von Kossa

White infarct is seen in all EXCEPT A. Lungs B. Spleen C. Kidney D. Heart

A 30 year old woman got a cut on her finger while cutting vegetables. On examination the wound was clean and approximated with the help of sutures. By what day would you expect to see the formation of granulation tissue in this type of healing? A. Day 1-3 B. Day 3-5 C. Day 5-7 D. After 1 week

Anchovy Sauce type of pus seen in A. Lung abscess B. Amoebic liver abscess C. Brain abscess D. Pancreatitis

Epulis is A. Localised swelling of gums B. Benign breast lesion C. Benign skin tumour D. Benign thyroid tumor

Hematuria with red cell cast and dysmorphic RBC are seen in: A. Acute glomerulonephritis B. Renal TB C. Renal Calculi D. Chronic renal failure

Down’s syndrome is due to A. Trisomy 22 B. Trisomy 21 C. Trisomy 18 D. Trisomy 20

Most common features of nephrotic syndrome is A. Heavy proteinuria B. Microscopic hematuria C. Hypertension D. Oliguria

Dystrophic calcification is seen in all EXCEPT A. Old healed tuberculosis B. Damaged heart valves C. Fat necrosis D. Chronic kidney failure

Plasmodium Falciparum causes A. Cerebral malaria B. Babesiosis C. Leshmaniasis D. Dengue fever

Which of the following disease is X linked recessive inheritance A. Sickle cell anemia B. Adult polycystic kidney C. Haemophilia D. Hereditary Spherocytosis

Bronchiectasis is characterized by EXCEPT A. Dilatation of bronchi B. Lung abscess C. Peri bronchiolar fibrosis D. Large alveoli

Anti-Gliadin antibodies are detected in A. Tropical sprue B. Whipples disease C. Celiac disease D. Intestinal Lymphoma

Starry sky appearances is seen in A. Large cell lymphoma B. Hodgkin’s lymphoma C. Burkitt lymphoma D. T – cell lymphoma

Correct sequence of cell cycle is A. G0-M-G2-S-G1 B. G0-G1-G2-S-M C. G0-G1-S-G2-M D. G0-G1-S-M-G2

Vitamin K dependent clotting factors include all EXCEPT A. Factor VII B. Factor IX C. Factor XI D. Factor X

Dukes staging is for A. Carcinoma stomach B. Carcinoma oesophagus C. Carcinoma colon D. Carcinoma pancreas

Desmoids is most likely to arises from A. Ovary B. Cervix C. Scar D. Endometrium

Inflammatory Causes of pleural effusion include all EXCEPT A. Tuberculosis B. Bronchiectasis C. Lung infarct D. Renal failure

63 year old male hypertensive develops paralysis of the right side of the body. Which of the following patterns of tissue injury is likely to be present in the brain after 4-5 days? A. Fat necrosis B. Caseous necrosis C. Coagulated necrosis D. Liquefactive necrosis

In Marfan’s syndrome there is defect in protein A. Dystrophin B. Spectrin C. Fibrillin D. Ankyrin

Basement membrane consists of A. Type I collagen B. Type II collagen C. Type III collagen D. Type IV collagen

Acute viral hepatitis by the following hepatotropic virus is characterized by fatty change in the liver A. HAV B. HBV C. HCV D. HDV

Which of the following is a tumor suppressor genes A. RB B. PDGF C. RAS D. EGF

Bronchial carcinoid arises from A. Columnar epithelial cells B. Goblet cells C. Neuroendorine cells D. Alveolar lining cells

In cirrhosis of liver, collagen is laid down by A. Hepatocytes B. Hepatic stellate cells C. Biliary epithelial cells D. Kupffer cells

ESR is increased markedly in A. Dengue fever B. Tuberculosis C. Malaria D. Typhoid

All of the following are examples of tumour markers EXCEPT A. Human chorionic Gonadotropin B. Alpha Fetoprotein C. Prostate specific antigen D. Cyclin D1

Which of the following is matched correctly A. Huntington’s disease- Autosomal recessive B. Familial hypercholesterolemia- X linked recessive C. Marfan syndrome- X linked dominant D. Alkaptonuria- Autosomal recessive

Aphthous ulcer seen in A. Mouth B. Skin C. Stomach D. Colon

Marfans syndrome A. Disorders of connective tissue B. Disorders of thyroid C. Disorders of calcium metabolism, D. Vit-D deficiency

Choriocarcinoma is characterized by all EXCEPT A. Primarily trophoblastic tumor B. It can occur following hydatidiform mole C. Villi present D. It can metastasize to lungs

Acute promeylocytic leukemia characteristically shows presences of Auer rods in the blast. Which of the following stains highlight these Auer rods A. Verhoff stain B. Myeloperoxidase C. PAS D. Glial fibrillary acidic protein

Indian file pattern is seen in A. Infiltrating duct carcinoma breast B. Infiltrating lobular carcinoma breast C. Medullary carcinoma breast D. Tubular carcinoma breast

Which of the following is a feature of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)? A. Normal prothrombin time B. Reduced plasma fibrinogen C. Normal platelet count D. Normal clotting time

Basophilia is most likely to be seen in A. Bronchial asthma B. CML C. Angioneurotic edema D. Corticosteroid therapy

The most frequent form of primary glomerular disease in children is A. Minimal change disease B. Acute glomerulonephritis C. Membranous GN D. Membranoproliferative GN

Delayed type of hypersensitivity resulting in the formation of a granuloma is typically seen in A. Type I hypersensitivity reaction B. Type II hypersensitivity reaction C. Type III hypersensitivity reaction D. Type IV hypersensitivity reaction

Chalazion is chronic inflammatory process involving A. Sebaceous gland of Zeiss B. Meibomian glands C. Apocrine glands of Moli D. Eyelash follicle

Which of the following is not a malignant tumour of germ cell origin A. Mature teratoma B. Choriocarcinoma C. Dysgerminoma D. Embryonal carcinoma

Pernicious anemia is due to A. Iron deficiency B. Intrinsic factory deficiency C. Sickling of RBCs D. Red cell membrane deficiency

Antigen presenting cells present in skin are called A. Langerhans cells B. Kupffer cells C. Microglia D. Melanocytes

EBV induced Burkitt’s lymphoma causes following translocation A. 14:8 B. 18:4 C. 8:14 D. 4:18

Ghon’s Focus seen in A. Skin B. Tongue C. Brain D. Sub pleural lung

Cryptorchidism A. Hydrocele B. Thyroid deficiency C. Adrenal deficiency D. Undescended testis

In an individual with suspected myocardial infarction of 24 hours duration, the serum enzyme estimation of choice is A. Lactate dehydrogenase B. Myoglobin C. Creatine phosphokinase-MB D. Oxaloacetate transaminase

70 year old male presented with worsening heart failure. Echocardiogram showed cardiomegaly with four chamber dilatation. Which type of amyloid is likely to be present in the heart A. SAA B. Transthyretin C. AL D. Beta2 microglobulin

Molluscum contagiosum is caused by A. Papilloma virus B. Pox virus C. Herpes virus D. EB virus

Carcinoembryonic antigen is elevated in all, EXCEPT A. Carcinoma pancreas B. Carcinoma colon C. Carcinoma stomach D. Carcinoma prostate

Rate of sickling in sickle cell anemia is increased in all EXCEPT A. Higher concentration of HbS B. A decrease in intracellular pH C. Higher concentration of HbF D. Higher deoxygenation

The following type of carcinoma of breast is characterized by Indian file pattern A. Infiltrating duct cell carcinoma B. Invasive lobular carcinoma C. Medullary carcinoma D. Tubular carcinoma

Which of the following antibodies is likely to identified on laboratory testing in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosis A. Anti DS DNA B. SS-A C. SS-B D. Jo-1

Endometriosis is seen in EXCEPT A. Uterus B. Ovary C. Fallopian tube D. Liver

Most common site for medulloblastoma is A. Medulla B. Cerebellum C. Cerebrum D. Spinal cord

Peripheral smear is reported as poikilocytosis in a patient with long standing anemia. Poikilocytosis refers to A. Different shapes of RBCs B. Different sizes of RBCs C. Inclusions in RBCs D. Increase in RBCs

Which of the following is not true about innate immunity A. It is present prior to antigenic exposure B. It is relatively non-specific C. Memory is seen D. It is the first line of defence

All are examples of tumour suppressor genes implicated in human cancer EXCEPT A. RB gene B. RET C. APC D. Tp-53

All are germ cell tumors EXCEPT A. Dysgerminoma B. Embryonal Carcinoma C. Krukenberg Tumour D. Teratoma

Malignancy, most commonly arising from renal pelvis is A. Renal cell carcinoma B. Transitional cell carcinoma C. Melanoma D. Adeno carcinoma

Myasthenia gravis is associated with A. Hypergammaglobulinemia B. Thymoma C. Squamous cell carcinoma D. Hepatic adenoma

In Giant cell tumor of bone the tumor cells are A. Osteoclastic giant cells B. Mononuclear stromal cells C. Fibroblastic cells D. Sinusoidal lining cells

7-year-old girl presents with haematoma in the thigh. She has prolonged APTT, normal PT and platelet count. This is due to deficiency of any of the factor EXCEPT A. Factor IX B. Factor VIII C. Factor VII D. Factor XI

Denatured globin chains are known as A. Heinz bodes B. Gamma gandy bodies C. Pappenheimer bodies D. Russel bodies

In cases of renal failure on long term hemodialysis which of following type of amyloid is seen A. Amyloid light chain (AL) B. Amyloid associated protein (AA) C. Amyloid beta 2 microglobulin (Abets2m) D. Beta amyloid protein (A beta)

All is the true with fibrolamellar hepato cellular carcinoma EXCEPT A. Found in young age B. Not proceeded by cirrhosis C. Encapsulated D. Worse prognosis than hepatocellular carcinoma

Histological hallmark of Paget’s disease of nipple is A. Caseous necrosis B. Infiltration of the epidermis by malignant cells C. Atypical lobular hyperplasia D. Desmoplasia

Hemophilia is a A. B12 deficiency anemia B. Type of leukemia C. Hemolytic anemia D. Bleeding disorder

Autoimmune haemolytic anemia is most likely to be associated with which of the following conditions A. Acute lymphoid leukemia B. Acute myeloid leukemia C. Chronic Myelogenous leukemia D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Most common presentation of paraneoplastic syndrome is A. Hypercalcemia B. Acanthosis nigricans C. Cushing’s syndrome D. Hypoglycemia

Psammoma bodies seen in A. Papillary carcinoma thyroid B. Follicular carcinoma thyroid C. Medullary carcinoma thyroid D. Oncocytic carcinoma thyroid

Osteoid seen in A. Enchondroma B. Osteogenic sarcoma C. Osteoclastoma D. Paget diseases of bone

Chronic ulcerative colitis usually starts in the: A. Hepatic or splenic flexure B. Rectosigmoid area C. Transverse colon D. Terminal ileum

Howell Jolly bodies are seen in A. Myeloblasts B. Lymphoblasts C. Megaloblasts D. Sickle cell

Gout is associated with all EXCEPT A. Acute arthritis B. Hyperuricemia C. Tophi D. Calcification

Which of the following is NOT a poor prognostic factor in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia? A. Presence of t (9:22) B. Age < 2 years C. Hyperploidy D. Peripheral blood blast count >1 lakh

Atrophic glossitis is seen in A. Sideroblastic anemia B. Megaloblastic anemia C. Sickle cell anemia D. Thalassemia

All are immunohistochemical stains for melanoma EXCEPT A. HMB 45 B. S 100 C. Melan A D. SMA

Rodent ulcer is A. Sebaceous carcinoma B. Squamous cell carcinoma C. Basal cell carcinoma D. Melanoma

MEN IIB syndrome includes all EXCEPT A. Hyperparathyroidism B. Marfanoid features C. Medullary thyroid carcinoma D. Pheochromocytoma

Gamna Gandy bodies are seen in A. Spleen B. Liver C. Oral cavity D. RBCs

Hypersegmented neutrophils are seen in A. Iron deficiency anaemia B. Megaloblastic anaemia C. Sickle cell anaemia D. Autoimmune hemolytic anaemia

Lead poisoning produces following change in RBC’s A. Pappenheimer bodies B. Heinz bodies C. Howell-Jolly bodies D. Basophilic stippling

Rodent ulcer means A. Squamous cell carcinomatous ulcer B. Basal cell carcinoma C. Gastric ulcer D. Ulcerative colitis

Markers of Epithelial carcinoma A. Desmin B. Vimentin C. Cytokeratin D. S-100

Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia results from A. Gilberts jaundice B. Dubin Johnson syndrome C. Physiological jaundice D. Decreased hepatic uptake

Neutrophilia is typically seen in A. Acute bacterial infections B. Typhoid C. Malaria D. Infectious mononucleosis

Type of meningioma associate with extraneural metastasis A. Syncytial meningioma B. Fibrous meningioma C. Anaplastic meningioma D. Angioblastic meningioma

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is seen in: A. Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia B. Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia C. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia D. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Phildelphia chromosome is A. T (8:14) B. T (22:9) C. T (9:22) D. T (14:8)

Paget’s disease of bone has following features EXCEPT A. Affects older age past 50 years B. Elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase C. There is generally hypocalcemia D. Role of virus in etiology

Type of antibodies usually seen in chronic ITP are A. Ig A B. Ig M C. Ig E D. Ig G

Common cause of nephrotic syndrome is children A. Acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis B. Minimal change disease C. Membrano proliferative glomerulonephritis D. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

Bone tumor arising from diaphysis is A. Ostogenic sarcoma B. Chondrosarcoma C. Giant cell tumour D. Ewing sarcoma